Wk. 14 - Osteoporosis Practice Questions

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with primary osteoporosis. Which factor likely contributed MOST to this condition? A. Chronic kidney disease B. Prolonged corticosteroid therapy C. Postmenopausal estrogen deficiency D. Chronic alcohol abuse

C

Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect in a client with osteoporosis? A. Joint swelling and redness B. Back pain after lifting C. Widened gait with shuffling D. Pain relieved by bending forward

B

A client prescribed alendronate needs further teaching when they state: A. “I will take the medication first thing in the morning.” B. “I will take it with a full glass of water.” C. “I will remain upright for at least 10 minutes.” D. “I will avoid eating or drinking anything for 30 minutes afterwards.”

C

Which diagnostic study is the gold standard for detecting osteoporosis? A. X-ray of the spine B. Bone scan C. Bone mineral density test (DXA) D. MRI of vertebrae

C

A client taking calcium supplements reports constipation. Which nursing action is MOST appropriate? A. Discontinue the calcium supplement. B. Instruct the client to increase fluid and fiber intake. C. Advise the client to double the supplement dose. D. Switch to IV calcium administration.

B

Which conditions are classified as secondary osteoporosis? (Select All That Apply) A. Hyperthyroidism B. Long-term corticosteroid therapy C. Aluminum-containing antacid use D. Malnutrition E. Postmenopausal estrogen deficiency

A,B,C,D

The nurse teaches lifestyle measures to decrease fracture risk. Which should be included? (Select All That Apply) A. Weight-bearing exercise B. Avoiding excessive caffeine C. Increasing alcohol intake D. Using proper body mechanics E. Maintaining adequate dietary calcium

A,B,D,E

A client is diagnosed with osteomalacia. Which statement best describes this condition? A. Bone mass is reduced, but mineralization is normal. B. Bone matrix is poorly mineralized due to vitamin D deficiency. C. Bone resorption exceeds bone formation. D. Bone density is mildly reduced but not to osteoporotic levels.

B

Which findings place a client at increased risk for osteoporosis? (Select All That Apply) A. Sedentary lifestyle B. Increased testosterone C. Long-term antiseizure medication use D. High alcohol intake E. Adequate vitamin D exposure

A,C,D

A priority nursing diagnosis for a client with severe osteoporosis is: A. Risk for infection B. Risk for injury (fracture) C. Ineffective airway clearance D. Impaired skin integrity

B

True or False: Kyphosis (“dowager’s hump”) is a common clinical manifestation of osteoporosis.

True

True or False: Clients taking bisphosphonates should lie down immediately after taking their medication to prevent dizziness.

False

A client is receiving IV zoledronic acid. Which assessment is priority before administration? A. Serum magnesium B. Renal function C. Liver function D. Thyroid panel

B

Which symptom indicates a patient may be developing a vertebral compression fracture from osteoporosis? A. Sudden increase in height B. Lower back pain with movement C. Burning sensation in the legs D. Numbness in both arms

B

Which patient statement indicates correct understanding of vitamin D3 supplementation? A. “Vitamin D helps my body absorb calcium.” B. “Vitamin D prevents falls by improving balance.” C. “I should avoid sunlight while taking vitamin D.” D. “Vitamin D will completely reverse my osteoporosis.”

A

The nurse is teaching a client prescribed teriparatide (Forteo). Which statements require further teaching? (Select All That Apply) A. “I will inject this medication daily under the skin.” B. “This drug helps build new bone.” C. “I should take this medication for at least 10 years.” D. “I may feel dizzy after the injection.” E. “This medication is typically used for severe osteoporosis.”

C

A client asks how osteoporosis differs from osteopenia. The nurse responds: A. “Osteopenia is complete bone mineral loss.” B. “Osteoporosis is a more severe form of bone density loss.” C. “Osteopenia results in fractures, but osteoporosis does not.” D. “Osteoporosis occurs only in older adults.”

B

Which dietary choices support bone health in individuals with osteoporosis? (Select All That Apply) A. Greek yogurt B. Spinach C. Lean chicken D. Soda E. Salmon

A,B,E

A client taking alendronate reports new difficulty swallowing. Which action is MOST appropriate? A. Reassure the client that this is normal. B. Tell the client to increase water intake. C. Report the symptom to the provider immediately. D. Advise the client to switch to taking the medication at night.

C

True or False: Clients should avoid activities that cause spinal flexion (bending forward) because these movements may increase the risk of vertebral compression fractures.

True