Nervous System

CNS

Central Nervous System

Central Nervous System consists of

the brain and spinal cord

Peripheral Nervous System abbreviation

PNS

Peripheral Nervous System consists of

all nervous tissue outside the brain and spinal cord

Somatic Nervous System controls

Skeletal Muscles

Automatic Nervous System abbreviation

ANS

Cephal/o

Head

Cerebell/o

Cerebellum

Cerebr/o

Cerebrum

Encephal/o

brain

gli/o

glue (supporting cells)

medull/o

medulla oblongat

mening/o menhinge/o

meninges

myel/o

spinal cord

neur/o

nerve

phas/o

speech

poli/o

gray matter

pont/o

pons

radicul/o

nerve root

thalam/o

thalamus

thec/o

sheath (meninges)

ventricul/o

brain ventricle

-algesia

pain, sensitivity

-esthesia

feeling, senstation

-paresis

weakened or dimished muscular function

-phasia

speech

-plegia

paralysis

-taxia

muscle coordinatoin

olfactory

carries impulses for the sense of smell toward the brain

optic

carries visual impulses from the eye to the brain

oculomotor

controls movement of eye muscles; carries the parasympathetic fibers that constrict the pupil

trochlear

controls a muscle of the eyeball

trigeminal nerve

nerve that carries sensory impulses from the eye, upper jaw, and lower jaw toward the brain; controls chewing muscles

abducens

controls a muscle of the eyeball

facial

controsl muscles of facial expression, carries sensation for taste, stimulates small salivary glands and lacrimal (tear) glands

vestibulocochlear

carries impulses for hearing and equilibrium from the inter ear toward the brain; also called auditory or acoustic nerve

glossopharyngeal

carries sensory impulses from the tongue and pharynx (throat), controls swallowing muscles, and stimulates the parotid salivary gland

vagus

supplies most of the organs in thoracic and abdominal cavities; carries motor impulses to the larynx and pharynx

Spinal Accessory nerve aka Cranial Nerve XI

nerve that controls muscles in the neck and larynx

hypoglossal

controls muscles of the tongue

Autonomic Nervous System

the division of the nervous System that controls involuntary muscles and glands

Sympathetic Nervous System

responds to stress

Parasympathetic Nervous System

returns the body to a steady state and stimulates maintenance activities. Ex. digestion of food

Afferent

carrying toward a given point, such as sensory neurons and nerves that carry impulses toward the CNS

root “fer” mean

to carry

Arachnoid matter

The middle layer of the meninges (from Greek word spider,, because the tissue resembles a spider web)

Autonomic Nervous System

The division of the nervous system that regulates involuntary activities, controlling smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands; the visceral nervous system

Axon

The fiver of a neuron that conducts inpulses away from the cell body

Brain

consists of the cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum

Brainstem

The part of the brain that consists of midbrain, pons and medulla oblongota

Cerebellum

The posterior portion of the brain dorsal to the pons and medulla; helps coordinate movement and to maintain balance and posture. means “little brain”

Cerebral Cortex

cerebrums thin surface layer of gray matter (the cortex is the outer region of an organ)

Cerebrospinal Fluid

The watery fluid that circulates in and around the brain and spinal cord for protection

Cranial Nerves

The 12 pairs of nerves that are connected to the brain