Ancient History of Haryana

Flashcards of the Ancient History of Haryana.

From what sources can the history of Haryana be traced?

Mythological, archaeological, and monetary sources

When did Haryana come into existence as a separate state?

November 1, 1966

What was Haryana earlier known as, according to Manusmriti?

Brahmavrat

Besides Brahmavrat, what are other names for Haryana?

Brahmrishi Pradesh and Uttarvedi of Brahma

What are the three parts of historical sources of Haryana?

Literary, archaeological, and modern sources

What do literary sources of Haryana include?

Vedic literature, Buddhist and Jain sources, Mahabharata, Sanskrit literature, Foreign accounts

Which important literatures were composed in Haryana?

Vedas, Brahmins, Upanishads, Aranyakas

Which major ancient rivers of Haryana are mentioned in Vedic literature?

Saraswati and Drishadvati

How are Saraswati and Drishadvati described in Vedic literatures?

As holy rivers

How has the language of ancient citizens of Haryana been described in Shatapatha Brahmana and Aranyakas?

As supreme

How has the conduct of the people been described in Shatapatha Brahmana and Aranyakas?

Exemplary and courteous

Where has the ancient general life of Haryana been described?

Jemini Brahamana

Where has the socio-economic life of Haryana been described?

Chandogya Upanishad

According to Buddhist text Papanchasudani, who visited many places in Haryana?

Mahatma Buddha

From which Buddhist Literature is information about the ancient political life of Haryana obtained?

Majjhima Nikaya

Which Buddhist text provides information about the propagation of Buddhism in Haryana?

Divyavdan

Which two major Buddhist centres of Haryana are described in Buddhist texts?

Rohtak and Agroha

What was Agroha at the time of Buddhist influence described in Buddhist texts?

A famous cultural centre

Which texts of Buddhist Literature Digha Nikaya and Majjhima Nikaya were widely publicised in Haryana?

Mahanidana Sutta, Satipathan Sutta, Magandiya Sutta and Anjasappaya Sutta

Which major Jain texts provide information about the social, religious and cultural life of Haryana from the first century to the third century?

Parishishtaparvan, Bhadrabahu Charitra, Kathakosh

According to Jaina Literature, what was a major centre of Jainism?

Agroha

Which Jain Scholar lived in Agroha in the first century?

Lohacharya

To which city did Maharaja Agrasen belong?

Agroha

Which Jain poet mentioned the state of Haryana in Mahapurana?

Pushpadanta

Which Jain poet mentioned the state of Haryana in Pasnahachariu?

Sridhar

Which city is mentioned frequently in Jain texts?

Rohtak

Which Parva of Mahabharata mentions many important sites of Haryana?

Aranyaka Parva

Which part of Mahabharata provides information about the ancient, political, economic, geographical conditions of Haryana?

Nakula Digvijayam

Which Puranas give information about the ancient history of Haryana?

Vamana Purana

How many major forests of Haryana does the Vamana Purana mention?

Seven

Name the seven major forests of Haryana as mentioned in the Vamana Purana?

Kamyaka, Aditi, Vyasa, Falaki, Surya, Madhu and Cold forests

How many rivers flowing in Haryana does the Vamana Purana mention?

Nine

Name the main rivers flowing in Haryana as mentioned in Vamana Purana?

Saraswati, Vaitarani, Aapaga, Mandakini, Madhushrava, Anshumati, Kaushiki, Darshanti and Hiranyavati

Where can the description of the rivers flowing in Haryana be found according to the Vamana Purana?

Thanesar and Kurukshetra

From which literary texts is information about Haryana also found?

Ashtadhyayi of Panini, Mahabhashya of Patanjali, Harshacharita of Banabhatta, Rajatarangini of Kalhana

Which foreign travellers provide detailed accounts about Haryana?

Greek traveller Arian and Chinese travellers Fa-hien and Hiuen-Tsang

Who is called the Father of Indian Archaeology?

Sir Alexander Cunningham

When did Sir Alexander Cunningham visit Haryana?

1862 AD

When was the first archaeological excavation in Haryana done?

1921-22

Who did the first archaeological excavation in Haryana?

DD Snooper

Where in Haryana was the first archaeological excavation done?

On a mound near the fort of King Karna

When was Theh Polar excavated?

1933-34

Who led the excavation of Theh Polar?

HL Srivastava

What types of coins were found in the excavation of Theh Polar?

Copper coins, including those of Kushana ruler Vasudev and the Yaudheyas

Who led the archaeological materials from Kurukshetra, Amin, Pehowa and Thanesar?

Prof. BB Lal

Under whose direction were Sugh, Mitathal and Siswal excavated?

Punjab University

Under whose direction were Daulatpur, Raja Karna Fort, Mirzapur and Balu excavated?

Kurukshetra University

Where did archaeological excavations take place under the direction of Maharishi Dayanand University?

Haat in Jind and Khokhrakot in Rohtak

In which year was Banawali, Agroha and Kunal excavated by the Haryana Archaeological Survey Department?

1974-75

In which year was Bhagwanpur and Kashital excavated and what was found?

1975-76, Sources like coins, ornaments, pottery

Into how many parts can archaeological sources be divided?

Five

What is the oldest record inscription found in Haryana?

Topra inscription

To which ruler does the Topra inscription belong?

Mauryan ruler, Asoka

How many inscriptions have been recorded on the Topra pillar?

Seven

Where is the Topra pillar located?

Yamunanagar

What is the script and language of the Topra inscriptions?

Brahmi script and Sanskrit language

How many inscriptions of Chauhan ruler Vigraharaja-IVth are recorded on the Topra pillar?

Three

What information do the inscriptions of Vigraharaja-IVth give?

Victory of Vigraharaja over Mlechchhas

Who transferred the Topra inscription to Delhi?

Firuz Shah Tughlaq

What has been found in Karnal that's written in Kharosthi script?

An inscription related to the construction of pond

Where has an incomplete inscription been found in Haryana?

Kapal Mochan area

Who wrote about the glory of Kurukshetra in an inscription of Laos country?

Raja Devanka

To which century does Raja Devanka's inscription belong?

5th century

Where have two inscriptions of the third-fourth century been found?

Tosham

What is significant about the inscriptions found from Tosham?

Related to the pond built by Vishnu devotee, Acharya Sobhatrata

Where has an inscription about the Pashupati community been found?

Sirsa

Where has an inscription mentioning the seven notes of music been found?

Agroha

A commemorative inscription found from Hansi is associated with which ruler?

Prithviraj-II

According to an inscription found in Ladnu (Rajasthan), what was the capital of Haryana?

Delhi

How many inscriptions have been found from a pillar in Gujari Mahal in Hisar?

Eight

What do the pillar inscriptions found from Gujari Mahal in Hisar mention?

Gods which came from eight different places

Where has a rock inscription of Pratihara king, Mahendra Pala, been found?

Pehowa

What does the inscription Pehowa of Pratihara king, Mahendra Pala mention?

Construction of temples

From where is Bhojdeva’s inscription also found?

Pehowa

In which century does Bhojdeva's inscription belong?

9th century

According to Bhojdeva’s inscription, what was Pehowa famous for?

Horse trading at that period

Where has a religious inscription written in Barakhadi been found?

Sugh place of Jagadhri

From where were some of the 10th century inscriptions found and what are they related to?

Mohanbadi (Rohtak) and Guravada (Rewari), related to the construction of Vaishnava temples

Which coins have an important place in the study of the ancient history of Haryana as an archaeological source?

Coins

On the basis of which archaeological source is the history of Haryana from 200 AD to 300 AD dependent?

Coins

From which places have Aahat coins dated back to the second century BC been found?

Sugh, Agroha, Naurangabad

How were Aahat coins made?

By stamping a special symbol on a piece of metal

From where have coins of Indo-Greek rulers of the 3rd century been found?

Khokhrakot of Rohtak

From where have Gold and Copper coins belonging to Kushana rulers been found?

Mitathal of Bhiwani

Coin minting dyes found from Aurangabad and Khokhrakot belong to which rulers?

Kushana rulers, Huvishka and Kanishka

Where is Yaudheyas mint located?

Rohtak

From where have coins of Agar people and Kuninda rulers been found?

Agroha, Barwala and Aurangabad (Agar); Karnal, Jagadhri, Sugh and Budiya (Kuninda)

From where have coins of Gupta ruler Samudragupta been found?

Mitathal of Bhiwani

From where has an Indo- Sasanian silver coin is found?

Kapal Mochan

Where has copper currency of the Harsha period been found?

Sonipat

What information does the copper currency of the Harsha period provide?

ancestry Pushyabhuti king Harshavardhana

From which sites have the coins of rulers of Pratihara, Tomar, Chauhan been found?

Khokhrakot, Sugh and Budiya

Besides Minting coins, what other purpose were the stamps used for?

Helps in studying the History of Haryana

From where have stamps been found from Sugh, Daulatpur, Fort of King Kama, Agroha, Naurangabad, Ached Paharipur, Rakhigarhi, Karnal, Khokhrakot etc. ?

Haryana

On the stamp of which period found in Agroha, is there an inscription minted which reveals the administrative system?

Yaudheyan

Where are the Fort of King Karna and the remains of fort of Emperor Harshavardhana located?

Thanesar of Kurukshetra

What is the current state of the fort of ancient Hansi?

Ruins

Where are some of the 8th and 12th century ruins are found from ancient temples are located?

Rohtak, Pinjore, Kalayat etc.

Where are Mauryan period stupa is found?

Chaneti in Jagadhri tehsil

Where are Ashoka ki Laat is found?

Topra, Hisar and Fatehabad