The Circulatory System: Blood and Heart

Vocabulary flashcards covering topics from Chapter 18 (Blood) and Chapter 19 (Heart) lecture outlines.

Fibrin

Filaments of the clotting protein involved in blood coagulation.

Erythrocytes

Red blood cells, described as red concave discs.

Leukocytes

White blood cells involved in body defense.

Platelets

Cellular components involved in blood clotting and the control of bleeding.

Blood Viscosity

A general property of blood describing its thickness and resistance to flow.

Blood Osmolarity

A general property of blood plasma related to solute concentration and fluid balance.

Hemoglobin

The specialized protein contained within erythrocytes.

ABO Group

A major blood group system used for blood typing.

Rh Group

A blood group system critical in blood typing and maternal-fetal mismatches.

Hemostasis

The physiological mechanisms and processes involved in controlling bleeding.

Charles Drew

A blood-banking pioneer featured in Chapter 18 medical history.

Complete Blood Count

A clinical application test evaluated to measure components of blood.

Pulmonary Circuit

The cardiovascular circuit that routes blood to and from the lungs.

Systemic Circuit

The cardiovascular circuit that distributes blood to the rest of the body.

Pericardium

The protective membrane surrounding the heart.

Coronary Circulation

The system of blood vessels supplying blood directly to the heart wall.

Cardiac Conduction System

The specialized muscle tissue structure responsible for generating and conducting electrical impulses in the heart.

Pacemaker Physiology

The physiological mechanisms driving the intrinsic electrical rhythm of the heart.

Electrocardiogram

A recording of the electrical behavior and activity of the myocardium.

Cardiac Cycle

The sequence of pressure, heart sounds, and volume changes during one complete heartbeat.

Cardiac Output

The volume of blood pumped by the heart, regulated by heart rate and stroke volume.

Chronotropic Agents

Factors or chemical agents that influence heart rate.

Inotropic Agents

Factors or chemical agents that influence stroke volume.

Angina

A clinical condition associated with coronary circulation impairment and heart attack.

Cardiac Arrhythmias

Clinical conditions characterized by abnormal cardiac rhythm and impulse conduction.

Valvular Insufficiency

A clinical condition resulting from improper functioning or failure of heart valves.

Coronary Artery Disease

A clinical cardiovascular condition affecting the coronary circulation.