Mesopotamia

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Last updated 5:08 PM on 7/4/26
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23 Terms

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Mesopotamia

  1. mesos

  2. Potamos

  • greek word that translates “land between two rivers”; cradle of civilization

  1. __ - middle

  2. __ - river

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  1. Tigris

  2. Euphrates

2 rivers of the Mesopotamia:

  1. __ - east side

  2. __ - west side

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Sumerians

__ credited with building region’s earliest civilization — Uru

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Akkadian

___ (civilization) - Sargon (of the Akkad) the Great (2334-2154 BC) - Sumerian culture and language

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Sargon (of the Akkad) the Great

united Sumerian cities; developed a centralized government

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  1. Sumerians

  2. Akkadians

  3. Babylonians -

  4. Assyrians; (Ashurbanipal)

Mesopotamian civilization:

  1. - cuneiform; Epic of Gilgamesh

  2. - Ziggurats became archeological feat; spread of sumerian culture and language

  3. - code of Hammurabi, astronomy, Neo

  4. - library (__); military; advance engineering

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  1. Ziggurat

  2. Polytheistic

  3. Monarchy

  4. foods, harvest

Mesopotamian:

  1. Temple: __

  2. Religion: __

  3. Government: __

  4. Offerings: __

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Code of Ur-Nammu (c. 2100 BCE)

oldest known law; focused on fines rather than punishments

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Code of Lipit-Ishtar (c. 1930 BCE)

Protected family rights, property

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Code of Eshnonna (c. 1800 BCE)

Set prices, wages, and penalties= economic fairness

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Code of Hammurabi (c. 1754 BCE)

Crimes and punishments; “an eye for an eye”

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  1. Political power and religious belief

  2. Divine authority; 282

  1. Mesopotamians was profound between __ and __

  2. Justice came from __ - Code of Hammurabi (1754 BC) - __ laws (tackles crime, family relationship, property)

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  1. metalworking

  2. Plow

  3. Wheel-based transport

  4. Irrigation and water management

  5. Timekeeping (Mathematics system)

Technological advancements:

  1. m__ (cooper + tin = bronze)

  2. P__

  3. W__

  4. I__

  5. T__ number 60; also used 10s and 1s (abacus)

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  1. Writing and literature

  2. Mathematics

  3. Astronomy

  4. Religion and law

  5. Trade and economy

Cultural advancements:

  1. __ - Epic of Gilgamesh (written in Cuneiform on a clay)

  2. __ - trade, land

  3. __ - movement of the Sun and Moon = time, days, calendar

  4. __ - polytheism and codes

  5. __ - record of taxes, receipts, and concepts on a clay tablet

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An/Anu

  • The Supreme Mesopotamian God

  • sky god

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Enki/Ea

  • Wisest of the Mesopotamian Gods

  • benefactor of humanity

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Enlil

  • The Great Mountain

  • god of air, storms

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Marduk

  • King of the Gods

  • chief god of babylon

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Ishtar/Inanna

  • Queen of the Universe

  • goddess of love, war, and fertility

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Shamash/Utu

  • The All-Seeing

  • Sun god

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Nanna/Sin

  • God of the Moon

  • governed time and agriculture cycles

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  1. Hanging gardens of Babylon

  2. Petra

Famous Architecture of Mesopotamia

  1. __

  2. __ (ancient rock city); Jordan; 800

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  1. Persian war

  2. Battle of marathon

  3. Trojan War

Challenges faced by Mesopotamia

  1. __ - greek vs Persian

  2. Battle of __

  1. T__