Chapter 1: intro to biotechnology
Studied by 0 people
Knowt Play
Learn
Practice Test
Spaced Repetition
Match
Flashcards1/51
There's no tags or description
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced |
|---|
No study sessions yet.
52 Terms
Definition of biotechnology
Use of living organisms and biological systems to develop or modify products
3 traditional biotechnology products
Cheese, bread, yogurt
2 examples of modern biotechnology products
Therapeutic drugs, enzymes in laundry detergents
When did modern biotechnology industry begain?
1982
When did early humans begin selectively breeding plants and livestock?
8000 BC
When was wine invented
4000 BC
Who developed brewing and cheesemaking?
Sumerians
What was the first antibiotic used? Which culture? When?
moldy soybean, Chinese, 500 BC
Who developed smallpox vaccine? when
Edward Jenner, 1796
Who discovered proteins?
Jons Jakob
When was the origin of species published?
1859
When was pasteurization first developed?
1861
When did Mendel establish principles of genetics?
1865
Who developed the first rabies vaccine? when
Paster,1885
When did term “biotechnology” first appear n print?
1919
Who desovered penicillin? Year?
Alexzander Flemming, 1928
Who discovered DNA as carrier of genetics information
Oswald avery
When was double helix of DNA discovered
1953
When was Mrna discoverd
1961
When was gene first completely synthsized
1971
When was recombinant insulin produced? what company?
1973, Stanley Cohen and Herbert boyer develop
When was DNA fingerprinting first used?
1984
When were first genetically modified tobassco plant grown?
1986
When was first human genome project landcaed
1990
What was first cloned mammal? what year?
Sheep, 1997
When was golden rice discovered?
1999
When was first human genome completed
2003
When was first HPV vaccine approved?
2003
When was 1st self-replicating bacterial cell created?
2010
When was CRISPR-CAS9 used for gene editing?
2012
When were mRNA vaccines first used?
2021
What are the different sectors in biotechnology
biological research, healthcare, agriculture, manufacturing
What are the key techniques in biotechnology
molecular biology, cell biology, genetic engineering
What is the ethical consideration in biotechnology
“Can we does not equal should we” Ethics= safety long term imacg
What are tools in biotechnology?
Whole cells. DNA, RNA, proteins
2 key instruments in biotechnology
Spectrophotometers, PCR machines
Chromatography
sorting
Whats gene transfer?
delivery system
What is protein purification?
final product
What is a spectrophotometer
Quantify DNA, proteins via light
Whats a PCR
Amplify DNA→ used in forensics diagnostic cloning
Key concepts behind using biotechnology in national defense
Life sciences, healthcare, agriculture, forensics, national defense
Which company was founding biotechnology company, What was their first product?
National defense, biosurvilllen
Difference between biotech and pharmaceutical industry?
biotech companies use living organisms and biological processes to create products (like vaccines and biologics), while pharmaceutical companies traditionally focus on synthesizing and manufacturing chemical-based drugs
who key users of biotechonology
life sciences, healthcare, agriculture,forensics,national defense
What is genomics?
study of entire genome
What is proteomics?
Study of all proteins in organism
What is precision medicine?
targeted therapies based on genetic profiles
what happens during the drug discovery phase of drug development?
in vivo in vitro of lab animals
what happens during phase 1 clinical trails?
tens of volunteers safety
what happens during phase 2 clinical trails?
100s of volunteers effectiveness
what happens during phase 3 clinical trails?
1000 of volunteers confirm