Block 4 abdominal muscles

Posterior abdominal wall muscles

Quadratus lumborum, Iliacus, Psoas Major

Quadratus Lumborum Origin

Lower border of 12 rib and transverse process of 1st 4 lumbar

Quadratus lumborum Insertion

Iliac crest and Iliolumbar ligament

Quadratus lumborum Innervation

Ventral rami of T12 and L1-4

Quadratus Lumborum Action

Lateral bending of vertebral column, aids in forced expiration and deep inspiration

Illiacus Origin

Iliac crest and Iliac fascia

Iliacus Insertion

lesser trochanter with psoas major

Iliacus innervation

Femoral Nerve L2-L4 posterior division

Iliacus Action

Flexes thigh at hip and stabilizes the hip joint

Psoas Major origin

Sides of t12-Lv vertebrate and their discs, Transverse process of L1-5 and discs

Psoas Major Insertion

Conjoined with Iliacus

Psoas Major Innervation

Vertebral rami of lumbar nerve, L1-3

Psoas Major action

Flexes thigh and stabilizes hip

Pelvic Wall muscles

Piriformis and Obturator Internus

Piriformis origin

Anterior surcase of the sacrum

Piriformis insertion

Greater trochanter

Piriformis anatomical key points

Exits pelvis via the Greater Sciatic Formane and the Sacral Plexus is formed on the anterior surface

Pelvic floor muscles

Ischiococcygeus and the Levator Ani Group ( Illiococcygeus, Pubococcygeus and Puborectalis)

(Ischio)coccygeus origin

Ischial spine

(Ischio)coccygeus insertion

Inferior sacrum and coccyx

(Ischio)coccygeus innervation

Ventral rami of S3-4

(Ischio)coccygeus Action

Elevates pelvic floor, support pelvic viscera, flexion of the coccyx

Levator Ani Innervation

S3-4 and perineal branch of pudendal nerve

Levator Ani action

Resist Intra-abdominal pressure, contraction elevates diaphragm over fecal mass

Illiococcygeus Origin

Tendinous arch of Obturator inter us fascia

Illiococcygeus Insertion

Anococcygeal ligament

Pubococcygeus origin

Pubis

Pubococcygeus insertion

Anococcygeal ligament

Puborectalis Origin

Pubis, inferior to Pubococcygeus

Puborectalis insertion

Blends with fibers of opposite side to form a sling around the anal canal

Muscles of the anterior abdominal wall

External oblique, Internal Oblique, Transverse Abdominis and Rectus Abdominis

Rectus Abdominis Origin

Pubic crest and pubic tubercle

Rectus Abdominis Insertion

Cartilage of ribs 5-7 and xiphoid process

Rectus abdominis innervation

Ventral rami of T7-12

Rectus abdominis action

Flexion of lumbar spine; approximates chest to pubis

External oblique origin

Ribs 5-12

External oblique insertion

Membranous on iliac crest and tendon outs on linea alba

External Oblique Innervation

Ventral rami T7-12 (subcostal N and illiohypogastric of L1

External Oblique action

Trunk flexion, same side being, opposite side rotation

Internal oblique origin

Anterior 2/3 iliac crest and lateral 2/3 inguinal and thoracolumbar fascia

Internal oblique innervation

Ventral rami T7-12 Subcostal and Illiohypogastric L1

Internal oblique action

Trunk flexion, same side bending and opposite side rotation working opposite External Oblique

Transverse Abdominis Origin

Costal- Lower 6 costal cartilage and diaphragm

Lumbar-Lumbar vertebral and thoracolumbar

Pelvic- Inner lip of iliac crest and lateral 1/3 inguinal ligament

Transverse Abdominis Insertion

Linea alba (contributes to the formation of the posterior rectus sheath)

Transverse abdominis innervation

Ventral rami of T7-12 and all fo L1

Transverse abdominis action

Compression of the abdomen