Population Ecology and Human Demographics

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to population ecology and demographics, aiding in exam preparation.

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

The number of births per 1,000 living people per year.

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

The number of deaths per 1,000 living people per year.

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

The average number of children born to a woman over her lifetime.

Carrying Capacity

The maximum number of individuals that an environment can sustainably support.

J-Curve

A graphical representation of population growth that shows exponential increase.

S-Curve

A graphical representation of population growth that accounts for environmental resistance and stabilizes over time.

Rate of Natural Increase (RNI)

The difference between the Crude Birth Rate (CBR) and Crude Death Rate (CDR) expressed as a percentage.

Demographic Transition

A model that describes the transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops.

Biotic Potential

The maximum reproductive capacity of an organism under optimal environmental conditions.

Environmental Resistance

Factors that limit population growth, such as food availability, predators, and disease.

Population Doubling Time

The time it takes for a population to double in size, calculated as 70 divided by the Rate of Natural Increase.

Limiting Factors

Conditions that restrict the growth of a population, including resources, disease, and competition.

Human Longevity

The average lifespan of humans, reflecting the life expectancy at birth.

Life Expectancy

The average period that a person may expect to live.

Fertility Rate

The average number of children a woman will have in her lifetime.

Population Pyramid

A graphical representation that shows the age and sex distribution of a population.