a&p lab 5

Synarthrosis

An immobile joint

Amphiarthrosis

A slightly mobile joint

Diarthrosis

A freely mobile joint

Fibrous (Characteristics)

Dense regular connective tissue holds together the ends of bones and bone parts; no joint cavity

Cartilaginous (Characteristics)

Pad of cartilage is wedged between the ends of bones; no joint cavity

Synovial (characteristics)

Ends of bones covered with articular cartilage; joint cavity separates the articulating bones; joint enclosed by an articular capsule, lined by a synovial membrane; contains synovial fluid

Gomphosis

Periodontal membranes hold a tooth to bony jaw (synarthrosis)

Suture

Connects skull bones (synarthrosis)

Syndesmosis

Interosseous membranes between bones (amphiarthrosis)

Synchondroses

Contain hyaline cartilage (synarthroses)

Symphyses

Contain fibrocartilage (amphiarthroses)

Glenohumeral Joint

Diarthrodial/synovial
• Ball and socket joint
• Components
• Glenoid fossa of scapula
• Head of humerus

Humeroulnar Joint

Diarthrodial/synovial
• Hinge joint
• Components
• Trochlea of humerus
• Trochlear notch of ulna

Humeroradial Joint

Diarthrodial/synovial
• Hinge joint
• Components
oCapitulum of humerus
oHead of radius

Proximal radioulnar Joint

Diarthrodial/synovial
• Pivot joint
• Components
• Head of radius
• Radial notch of ulna

Intercarpal Joint

Diarthrodial/synovial
• Plane joints
• Components
oArticular surfaces of carpal
bones

Coxal Joint

Diarthrodial/synovial
• Ball and socket joint
• Components
• Acetabulum of coxa
• Head of femur

Tibiofemoral Joint

Diarthrodial/synovial
• Hinge joint
• Components
• Condyles of the femur
• Condyles of the tibia
• Medial & lateral menisc

Talocrural Joint

Diarthrodial/synovial
• Hinge joint
• Components
• Medial malleolus of tibia
• Lateral malleolus of fibula
• Articular surfaces of talus

Temporomandibular Joint

Diarthrodial/synovial
• Hinge and plane joint
• Components
• Mandibular fossa of
temporal bone
• Anterior tubercle of
temporal bone
• Articular disc
• Head of mandible

L1-5

T1-12

Acromion

Coracoid process

Glenoid cavity

Medial border

Lateral border

Infraspinous fossa

Spine

Supraspinous fossa

Metatarsal

Talus

Calcaneus

Lateral malleolus

Head

Fibula

Tibia

Medial malleolus

Lateral condyle

Medial condyle

Patella

Lateral condyle

Medial condyle

Lateral epicondyle

Medial epicondyle

Gluteal tuberosity

Lesser trochanter

Greater trochanter

Neck

Ischial spine

Lesser sciatic notch

Ischial tuberosity

Greater sciatic notch

Pubis

Posterior superior iliac spine

Anterior superior iliac spine

Iliac crest

Ilium

Acetabulum

Styloid process

Olecranon

Coronoid process

Ulna

Styloid process

Radial tuberosity

Neck

Head

Olecranon fossa

Coronoid fossa

Capitulum

Trochlea

Medial epicondyle

Deltoid tuberosity

Lesser tubercle

Greater tubercle

Head

Biceps brachii Origin

Coracoid process and tubercle above glenoid cavity of scapula

Biceps brachii Insertion

Radial tuberosity

Biceps brachii Action

Flexes elbow and supinated forearm

Brachialis origin

Distill anterior shaft of humerous

Brachialis insertion

Coronoid process of ulna

Brachialis action

Flexes elbow

Quadriceps group

• Rectus femoris

• Vastus lateralis

• Vastus intermedius

• Vastus medialis

Iliopsoas group

Iliacus and psoas major

Rector femoris origin

Anterior inferior iliac spine and superior margin of acetabulum

Rector femoris Insertion

Patella by common quadriceps tendons, which continues as patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

Rector femoris Action

Extends leg at knee; flexes thigh at hip

Vastus lateralis origin

Greater trochanter and lines aspera of femur

Vastus lateralis Insertion

Patella by common quadriceps tendons, which continues as patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

Vastus lateralis Action

Extends leg at knee

Vastus medialis origin

Linea aspera of femur

Vastus medialis insertion

Patella by common quadriceps tendons, which continues as patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

Vastus medialis action

extends leg at knee

Vastus intermedius origin

Anterior and lateral surface of femur

Vastus intermedius Insertion

Patella by common quadriceps tendons, which continues as patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

Hamstring group

• Biceps femoris

• Semitendinosus

• Semimembranosus

Biceps femoris origin

Ischial tuberosity and linea aspera of femur

Vastus intermedius Action

Extends leg at knee

Biceps femoris Insertion

Head of fibula and lateral condole of tibia

Biceps femoris Action

Flexes leg at knee; rotates leg laterally extends thigh