M2-Disorders-of-Absorption (1)

What is malabsorption?

Malabsorption is the inability of the digestive system to absorb one or more of the major vitamins, minerals, or nutrients.

What causes generalized malabsorption?

Mucosal disorders, infectious diseases, luminal problems, postoperative issues, and disorders causing malabsorption of specific nutrients.

What are common clinical features of malabsorption?

Weight loss, diarrhea, abdominal pain, steatorrhea, anemia, and weakness.

What is celiac disease also known as?

Celiac disease is also known as gluten-sensitive enteropathy.

What key dietary intervention is recommended for patients with celiac disease?

A gluten-free diet for life.

What diagnostic test is used to evaluate a patient's ability to absorb vitamin B12?

Schilling test.

What is a hallmark symptom of malabsorption syndrome?

Diarrhea or frequent, loose, bulky, foul-smelling stools that have increased fat content.

What are some common tests for diagnosing malabsorption?

Stool studies for fat analysis, lactose tolerance tests, D-xylose absorption tests, and endoscopic biopsy.

What symptoms are associated with lactose intolerance?

Diarrhea, cramps after consumption of lactose-containing foods, and a positive lactose intolerance test.

What is the immune response involved in celiac disease?

An autoimmune response to gluten that is both humoral and cell mediated.

What kind of dietary substances should be avoided in malabsorption cases?

Substances that aggravate malabsorption, including gluten for celiac patients.

Which enzyme deficiency causes lactose intolerance?

Deficiency of intestinal lactase.

What are the nutritional deficiencies seen in celiac disease?

Deficiency of iron, folate, and malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, and K.

What is the role of gluten in celiac disease?

Gluten triggers an abnormal immunologic response leading to damage in the intestinal mucosa.

What clinical feature is indicated by the disappearance of steatorrhea?

Improvement in the child's ability to absorb nutrients.