Aphasia in Adults: Theoretical Models and Error Patterns

These flashcards cover key terminology and concepts related to aphasia, language processing models, and associated disorders, aimed at aiding in the understanding and study for the lecture exam.

Aphasia

A disorder that affects communication abilities, impairing comprehension and production of language.

Fluent Aphasia

A type of aphasia where the individual produces smooth speech but with nonsensical content.

Non-Fluent Aphasia

A type of aphasia characterized by halting, effortful speech and limited output.

Word Finding Difficulty

Challenges individuals with aphasia face in retrieving the correct words when speaking.

Phonemic Paraphasia

Errors in word production that involve the substitution or rearrangement of phonemes.

Semantic Paraphasia

Errors where the wrong real word is produced that is related in meaning to the intended word.

Neologism

The production of nonsensical, non-real words by individuals with aphasia.

Agrammatism

Difficulty with grammar and syntax, often leading to telegraphic speech that lacks function words.

Paragrammatism

Fluent output with grammatical errors, where sentences appear well-formed but contain lexical substitutions.

Apraxia of Speech (AOS)

A motor speech disorder that affects the ability to plan and coordinate the movements needed for speech.

Limb Apraxia

The inability to perform purposeful movements with the limbs despite intact motor functioning.

Oral Apraxia

A disorder affecting the ability to carry out movements of the facial, oral, and respiratory structures.

Connected Speech

Natural speech used in conversation which can be transcribed to evaluate fluency and error types.

Conduit d’est

A pattern of responses that diverges further away from the target word in attempts to communicate.

Logorrhea

Excessive talking and rapid speech output often found in individuals with aphasia.

Echolalia

Automatic repetition of words or phrases spoken by another person, often without intent to communicate.

Alexia

An acquired reading disorder characterized by difficulty in reading, often associated with aphasia.

Agraphia

An acquired writing disorder where an individual struggles to write words despite having intact language capabilities.

Phonological Output Lexicon

The mental dictionary of sounds used to produce spoken language.

Phonological Buffer

A temporary storage area for phonological information during speech production.