Hazard management- disaster/risk management cycle and the park impact/response model

What is the park model?

• describes a sequence of phases (3) following such event→ also known as the disaster response curve

Pros- usefulness of analysing human responses to hazards

• it is a useful tool to analyse the different types of response and the sequence in which they happen

• A model is only as useful as the person who is using it. Used appropriately they can deepen understanding of responses and the fact that some places are better able to respond than others

• It is useful for pinpointing the different kinds of response needed at particular points in time

• Parks model is useful in helping to plan the minds of response needed at different stages of tectonic disaster or event

Cons-usefulness of analysing human responses to hazards

• the model takes no account in the varying capacity to respond and the fact that some places will take much longer to reach different stages of relief ,rehabilitation and reconstruction

• Parks model is far to general and not specific enough about the different impacts of hazards of different magnitude and frequency and how these can influence the ability to respond

• A model is just what it says- an ideal against which to compare and critique reality. It is never ment to be a perfect fit

• The model takes no account of inequalities in development- it assumes that a level playing field between countries

• The model does not critically examine the fact that some countries are in need of more help from outside than others

• Parks model does not take into account the fact that some countries or locations will never return to the same level of ‘normality’ that existed prior to the disaster

What does the park model look like?

What is the disaster risk management cycle?

• The Disaster management cycle illustrates the on-going process by which governments, businesses, and civil society plan for and reduce the impact of disasters, react during and immediately following a disaster, and take steps to recover after a disaster has occurred

• Is a continuous loop which explains an approach to managing a known hazard

• Preparedness- concerned with using evidence and data from previous events to plan for hazards associated with the event. Good preparation is the key to minimising impact apon the population

• Response- concerned with deploying services and resources to save people and property from harm. Response is likely to involve emergency services e.g. fire and rescuer teams in an earthquake

• Recovery- concerned with post disaster reconstruction and restoration of the local built and natural environment

• Mitigation is an extension to recovery. This is the active steps taken to minimise the negative impacts associated with the hazard. Construcing earthquake proof buildings or flood protection systems are examples of mitigation

What are the 7ps in the disaster risk management cycle?

• process

• Plan

• Preparedness

• Reduce poverty

• Develop policies

• Politics

• People first