The Electronic Structure of the Atom - Test Review

Shell

Set of all orbitals with the same n-value

ex. (2s, 2p)

Subshell

Set of all orbitals of the same type

ex. set of three 2-p orbitals

Orbital

A region of space where an electron is most likely to be found

S-type subshell has __ s-orbital. Max?

1 (2 electrons max)

P-type subshell has ____ p-orbita. Max?

3 (6 electrons max)

D-type subshell has ___ d-orbitals. Max?

5 (10 electrons max)

F-type subshell has ___ f-orbitals. Max?

7 (14 electrons max)

Hund’s Rule

When electrons fill orbitals within a subshell, each orbital is occupied by a single electron before any orbital has 2 electrons

—> whenever possible, electrons will assume parallel spins

—> so, put 1 electron in each orbital of the subshell first, then go back and pair electorns in each orbital as necessary

Electron Configuration

a description of which orbitals in an atom contain elecrons and how many electrons are in each orbital.

Valence electrons

all electrons in an atom EXCEPT those in the CORE or in FILLED D OR F SUBSHELL

Core notation

This uses the core of the atom, which is the set of electrons with the configuration of the nearest noble gases. Having an atomic # less than the atom being considered, to simplify the electron configuration