Causative Agents of Common Infections

Staphylococcus aureus Skin Infection

Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive cocci in clusters)

Rubella (German Measles)

Rubella virus (Togaviridae, RNA virus)

Measles (Rubeola)

Measles virus (Paramyxoviridae, RNA virus)

Shingles (Herpes Zoster)

Varicella-zoster virus (Herpesviridae, dsDNA virus)

Necrotizing Fasciitis

Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A, Gram-positive cocci in chains)

Tetanus

Clostridium tetani (Gram-positive rod, anaerobic, spore-forming)

Gas Gangrene

Clostridium perfringens (Gram-positive rod, anaerobic, spore-forming)

Bacterial Conjunctivitis

Haemophilus influenzae or Streptococcus pneumoniae

Adenoviral Pharyngitis

Adenovirus (non-enveloped dsDNA virus)

RSV Pneumonia

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (Paramyxoviridae, RNA virus)

Legionnaires' Disease

Legionella pneumophila (Gram-negative rod)

Influenza

Influenza virus (Orthomyxoviridae, RNA virus)

Klebsiella Pneumonia

Klebsiella pneumoniae (Gram-negative rod, encapsulated)

Strep Throat

Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A, Gram-positive cocci in chains)

UTI (Uncomplicated)

Escherichia coli (Gram-negative rod)

Vaginal Candidiasis

Candida albicans (yeast, fungal pathogen)

Genital Herpes

Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2)

Genital Gonorrhea (Pregnancy)

Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Gram-negative diplococci)

E. coli O157:H7

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7

Clostridioides difficile Infection (C. diff)

Clostridioides difficile (Gram-positive rod, anaerobic, spore-forming)

Helicobacter pylori Ulcer

Helicobacter pylori (Gram-negative spiral bacterium)

Giardiasis

Giardia lamblia (protozoan)

Cholera

Vibrio cholerae (Gram-negative curved rod)

Haemophilus influenzae Meningitis

Haemophilus influenzae type B (Gram-negative coccobacillus)

Infant Botulism

Clostridium botulinum (Gram-positive rod, anaerobic, spore-forming)

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcus neoformans (yeast, fungal pathogen)

West Nile Virus

West Nile virus (Flavivirus, RNA virus)

Neurosyphilis

Treponema pallidum (spirochete)

Polio

Poliovirus (Picornaviridae, RNA virus)

Meningococcal Meningitis

Neisseria meningitidis (Gram-negative diplococcus)

Infective Endocarditis

Various Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus spp.

Dengue Fever

Dengue virus (Flavivirus, RNA virus)

Malaria

Plasmodium spp. (protozoan parasite)

AIDS (advanced HIV)

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1, retrovirus)

Sepsis from Cellulitis

Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes

Fifth Disease (Parvovirus B19)

Parvovirus B19 (single-stranded DNA virus)