Water Systems Final Test Review

A set of flashcards summarizing key concepts about water systems, contaminants, and water quality for exam preparation.

What are contaminants in water?

Unwanted substances that dissolve in water, which can be hazardous to plants and animals.

What is the difference between pure water and natural water?

Pure water is clear, colorless, tasteless, and odorless. Natural water may appear blue, green, or grey and contains dissolved substances.

What percentage of Earth's water is freshwater?

Only 3% of Earth's water is freshwater, with only 0.4% being liquid fresh water at, or near, the surface.

What is thermal pollution?

A rise in water temperature caused by human activities, often lowering oxygen levels and harming aquatic life.

What is the largest watershed in North America?

The Mississippi River Watershed, which covers parts of 31 U.S. states and 2 Canadian provinces.

What is the hydrologic cycle?

Describes how water moves around Earth and is essential for all life.

What does desalination do?

Removes salt from water to produce pure water and solid salt.

What is turbidity in water?

A measure of how clear or dirty the water looks; water is turbid when it is murky due to tiny particles.

Define a watershed.

An area of land from which all water drains downhill to a common destination.

What does the process of water treatment involve?

Water treatment involves intake, addition of chemicals, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection, and storage.

What factors are tested in water quality?

Turbidity, temperature, acidity, and salinity are tested to determine water quality.

How can households reduce personal water consumption?

By doing laundry less often, turning off the tap when not in use, and using water-efficient devices.