Studied by 6 people
What are the five main parts of the brain?
cerebrum
hypothalamus
cerebellum
pituitary gland
medulla
cerebrum
personality and level of intelligence
hypothalamus
regulating temperature and water
cerebellum
choosing actions
pituitary gland
release hormones
medulla
blood pressure, heart and breathing rate
What are the five main parts of the eye?
iris
cornea
lens
retina
optic nerve
iris
controls the amount of light entering the eye by relaxing and contracting
cornea
focuses light to the retina by refracting
lens
refracts the light more
retina
light sensitive layer containing receptors
optic nerve
carries the messages of impulses from the brain and the eye
What are the three main eye defects?
colour blindness
myopia (lens too curved)
hyperopia (lens too flat)
What are the three types of neurons?
relay neurone
sensory neurone
motor neurone
sensory neurone
recognises the stimulus
motor neurone
takes the impulse to the effector
relay neurone
takes the information between neurones
What is a synapse?
the connector between the receptors
What is the CNS?
The spinal cord and brain
What is a receptor?
find the stimulus
What is an effector?
creates a response
What are the six main contraceptive methods?
the implant
barrier
the pill
abstinence
surgical methods
copper intrauterine device
What are the secondary characteristics at puberty?
Ovaries which produce oestrogen and testes which produce testosterone
What does the thyroid gland do?
controls the metabolic rate and is part of a feedback loop
What do the adrenal glands do?
releases adrenaline which triggers a fight or flight response which can cause breath and heart rate to increase
What are the process of IVF?
FSH is used to release oestrogen from a mature egg which is then fertilised and injected into a mothers uterus
What are the stages of the menstrual cycle?
FSH matures an egg whilst progesterone and oestrogen maintains the lining of the uterus
LH is then released which causes the egg to be released
What are the three main plant hormones?
auxins
gibberellins
ethene
What does auxins do?
promotes tissue and root growth
What do gibberellins do?
starts flowering and germination
What does ethene do?
helps fruits to ripen
phototropism
response to light
gravitropism
response to gravity
What happens when body temperature is too high?
glucose turns into glucagon
vasodilation
What happens when the body temperature is too low?
hairs stand up
shivering
What is blood glucose levels controlled by?
pancreas
What happens when the blood glucose levels are too high?
insulin is released and glucose is turned into glycogen
What happens when the blood glucose levels are too low?
glucagon is released and glycogen is turned into glucose
What is type 1 diabetes?
the pancreas cannot create insulin so insulin injections are needed
What is type 2 diabetes?
the cells cannot respond to insulin but can be combated with a healthy lifestyle
What happens when the bloods water concentration decreases?
the cell shrinks
What happens when the bloods water concentration increases?
the cell can burst
What is the function of the kidney?
to filter the blood
What is excreted from the kidney?
amino acids which are converted into urea
What does the kidney act on?
ADH is released by the pituitary gland because of low water levels and allows more to be absorbed
How does the kidney promote water loss?
sweating
salt loss
being more thirsty
Note 
Flashcard (93)