Chapter 19 Nuclear Energy

Which of the following increases the stability of isotopes?

Even numbers of protons or even number of neutron

What type of decay is favored for neutron rich isotopes?

β

What type of decay is favored in light proton rich isotopes

alpha

What type of decay is favored in heavy proton rich isotopes

positron emission

What isotopes are typically stable

those with even nucleons

What are the magic numbers

2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82, 126

What is the band on the isotope graph

stable isotopes

Do isotopes farther from the band have a longer or shorter half life

showerter

What does it mean if you are above the band

you are neutron rich

What does it mean if you are below the band

you are proton rich

What elements are considered heavy

those over 60

How do you figure out how many a decays have occured

(larger mass - smaller mass) / 4

How do you determine how many Beta decays have occured

1. find how many alpha decays have occured and multiply by 2

2. (larger atomic # - smaller atomic #)

3. alpha decays - differencein atimic #

What is the equation for nuclear energy

BE=(delta m)c²

How can you determine the stability of an atom

Divide the binding energy by the number of nucleons

How do you know how many nucleons an atom has

its mass number

Are smaller numbers more or less stable

more stable

How do you find delta m

delta m = mass of products - mass of reactants

When calculating delta m, what do you need to do first

convert everything to kg

When do you need to convert delta m to kg

if there are more than one reactant and they are protons or neutrons

Waht is the number for c

(3×10)^8

What is the conversion for protons to kg

1.6722X10^-27

What is the conversion for neutrons to kg

1.67493×10^-27kg

What is the conversion from amu to kg

1 amu = 1.66054×10^-27kg