History ch 22

hirohito

young emperor of Japan during ww2

hideki tojo

fanatical military leader who took control of Japan and sanctioned the attack on Pearl Harbor

Sun Yat Sen

Chinese leader who organized the Kuomintang or nationalist party in China

Chiang Kai Shek

Chinese successor of Sun Yat Sen, lost out to Mao Zedong in a Civil War when attempting to reunite China

Mao Zedong

Chinese communist leader who stirred up peasant uprisings and marched his troops 6,000 miles north, thwarting Chiang Kai Shek’s attempts to drive them out of the country

Manchuria

What region of China did the Japanese invade?

sanctions

forbidding the sale of certain materials to a country

Anti Comintern Pact

signed between Germany and Japan against Communism

Francisco Franco

Fascist general who led a revolt against Spain’s republican government

exalt nation as superior, idolize nation and leader, demand obedience

What is the Fascist worldview?

Neville Chamberlain

Who was the prime minister of Great Britain who met several times with Hitler to settle the Suedten German question: appeasement

Rhineland

What did Hitler first invade?

seize anschluss with austria

What did Hitler do that was forbidden

Edouard Daldier

prime minister of France, participated in the Munich Conference

Winston Churchill

replaced Chamberlain and helped to strengthen the will of and determination of the British people to withstand the Nazi aggression

Pact of Steel

finalized military alliance between Germany and Italy

Poland

Nazi invasion of which country began world war 2?

Luftwaffe

German air force

Panzer divisions

Nazi armored tank divisions

Captain Karl Adolt Schlitt

U-1206, had to surface due to toilet problem

Hermann Goering

Leader of the Luftwaffe, 2nd in command to Hitler

blitzkrieg

lightning war

sitzkrieg

sitting war

fifth columnist

aiding the enemy by spying, propaganda, and sabotage

Vidkun Quisling

traitor who helped Germans conquer Norway

Henri Petain

WW1 hero who became head of French government after the Nazi invasion, ruled France for Germans, asked Germany for armistice instead of fighting

Vichy France

free france under Petain’s rule, unoccupied by the Germans

Charles De Gaulle

leader of the Free French movement, continued to wage war against the Axis powers during the German occupation

Erwin Rommel

brilliant German general known as the Desert Fox who led an aggressive campaign in North Africa

Afrikakorps

German division in North Africa led by Rommel

Operation Valkyrie

attempt to assassinate Hitler, Claus von Stauffenberg

General Weygand

leader of French armies

Battle of Britain

German air and sub blockade, German bombing campaign, Operation sea lion

Hugh Downing

commander in chief of RAF fighter command, instrumental in winning the Battle of Britain

Lend Lease Act

passed by Us Congress, power to president, lending military supplies to Allies

Atlantic Charter

8 point document that set forth the common principles on which both countries base their hope for a better future

Operation Barbarossa

German invasion of Russia

Battle of Stalingrad

strategic transportation center, cut fuel to Russian troops, Russian victory, turning point of war

Admiral Yamamoto

nonaggression pact with Russia, destroy Us Pacific Fleet, expand and take Philippines for oil

Mitsuo Fuchida

from Pearl Harbor to Cavalry

Bernard L. Montgomery

british general who defeated the germans at the battle of el alamein

dwight d eisenhower

supreme allied commander in Europe, future american president, led successful invasion from North africa to Italy

Partisans

fighters who harass an enemy occupying their territory

Otto Skorzeny

leader of German commandos to rescue Mussolini from a mountain top fortress

Big 3

churchill roosevelt and stalin

Casablanca Conference

Churchill and Roosevelt, nothing less than “unconditional surrender” of the Axis

Tehran Conference

decision to invade Western France

Operation Overlord

invasion of France

George S. Patton

Commander of the 3rd Army, led a dummy army leading up to D-day, most feared Allied general by Axis Powers

D-day

Greatest amphibious operation in history

Douglas Macarthur

famous American general who made good on his “I shall return” pledge to the philippines

Battle of Coral Sea

first naval battle in history where ships never saw eachother

Battle of Midway

turning point in the war in the Pacific

Kamikaze pilots

japanese suicide pilots

Louis Zamperini

WW2 hero stranded in the Pacific for 46-47 days

Battle of Leyte Gulf

largest naval battle of WW2, Macarthur retakes Philippines, Japanese navy no longer a threat