Chapter 4- Nucleic Acids and an RNA World

Ribonucleotides

________ use uracil (U), while deoxyribonucleotides use thymine (T)

G C

Watson and Crick had discovered complementary base pairing between the A- T and ________ bases.

Nucleic acids

________ are polymers, just as proteins are polymers.

bridge

The ________ formed by the phosphate group is called a phosphodiester linkage- also frequently referred to as a phosphodiester bond.

DNAs secondary structure

________ consists of two anti parallel strands twisted into a double helix.

guanine

The purines are adenine (A) and ________ (G)

Evolution

________: Random changes in the nucleic acids would lead to the synthesis of different proteins and ribozymes.

Replication

________: Proteins and ribozymes would be processing information stored in nucleic acids for the synthesis of more proteins.

pyrimidines

are cytosine (C), uracil (U), and thymine (T)

Ribonucleotides

The monomers of ribonucleic acid (RNA) are referred to as

chemical reaction

To catalyze a(n) ________, substrates must be brought together in an environment that will promote the reaction.

DNA

By bombarding ________ with X- rays and analyzing how it scattered the radiation, Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins had calculated the distances between groups of atoms in the molecule.

hydrophobic interactions

The double helix is shaped and stabilized by hydrogen bonding between the complementary base pairs, ________, and van der Waals interactions.

pyrimidine base thymine

The ________ does not exist in RNA.

monomers of deoxyribonucleic acid

The ________ (DNA) are called deoxyribonucleotides.

sugar phosphate

The sugar in the ________ backbone of RNA is ribose, not deoxyribose as in DNA.

Information

________: Proteins and ribozymes would be processing ________ stored in nucleic acids for the synthesis of more proteins.

three dimensional nature of ribozymes

The ________ is vital to their catalytic activity.

Nucleic acids

________ are made up of monomers called nucleotides.

Information

Proteins and ribozymes would be processing information stored in nucleic acids for the synthesis of more proteins

Replication

Proteins and ribozymes would be processing information stored in nucleic acids for the synthesis of more proteins

Evolution

Random changes in the nucleic acids would lead to the synthesis of different proteins and ribozymes

Purines

are adenine (A) and guanine (G).

Phosphodiester linkage

The bridge formed by the phosphate group is called a

Base stacking

which results from van der Waals interactions between the tightly packed adjacent bases.