Basic Geometry terms with pictures

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Last updated 3:43 AM on 7/3/26
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38 Terms

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acute triangle

a triangle whose interior angles are all acute

<p>a triangle whose interior angles are all acute</p>
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altitude

the perpendicular distance from the base of a geometric figure to opposite vertex (or side if parallel)

<p>the perpendicular distance from the base of a geometric figure to opposite vertex (or side if parallel)</p>
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complementary angles

two angles whose measures have a sum of 90 degrees

<p>two angles whose measures have a sum of 90 degrees</p>
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congruent

having the same size and shape

<p>having the same size and shape</p>
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edge

the line segment where two faces of a solid figure meet

<p>the line segment where two faces of a solid figure meet</p>
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equilateral triangle

a triangle with three congruent sides

<p>a triangle with three congruent sides</p>
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perpendicular lines

lines that intersect at one point and form right angles

<p>lines that intersect at one point and form right angles</p>
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perimeter

the distance around a 2-dimensiional figure

<p>the distance around a 2-dimensiional figure</p>
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area

the number of square units needed to cover a surface

<p>the number of square units needed to cover a surface</p>
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right angle

an angle with a measure of 90 degrees

<p>an angle with a measure of 90 degrees</p>
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straight angle

an angle whose measure is 180 degrees

<p>an angle whose measure is 180 degrees</p>
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obtuse angle

an angle with a measure of more than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees

<p>an angle with a measure of more than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees</p>
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acute angles

angles that measures greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees

<p>angles that measures greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees</p>
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exterior angles

angles on the outer sides of two lines cut by a transversal

<p>angles on the outer sides of two lines cut by a transversal</p>
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face

a flat surface of a polyhedron

<p>a flat surface of a polyhedron</p>
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hypotenuse

in a right triangle, the side opposite the right angle

<p>in a right triangle, the side opposite the right angle</p>
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interior angles

angles on the inner sides of two lines that cut by a transversal

<p>angles on the inner sides of two lines that cut by a transversal</p>
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intersecting lines

two lines that cross at exactly one point

<p>two lines that cross at exactly one point</p>
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isosceles triangle

a triangle with two congruent sides

<p>a triangle with two congruent sides</p>
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line

a straight path that extends infinitely in opposite directions

<p>a straight path that extends infinitely in opposite directions</p>
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line segment

part of a line with two endpoints

<p>part of a line with two endpoints</p>
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line symmetry

a type of symmetry in which a line divides a figure into two congruent parts that are mirror images

<p>a type of symmetry in which a line divides a figure into two congruent parts that are mirror images</p>
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obtuse triangle

a triangle with one obtuse angle

<p>a triangle with one obtuse angle</p>
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parallell lines

two lines in the same plane that never intersect

<p>two lines in the same plane that never intersect</p>
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perpendicular bisector

line that intersects a line segment at its midpoint and forms right angles

<p>line that intersects a line segment at its midpoint and forms right angles</p>
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plane

a flat surface that extends infinitely in all directions

<p>a flat surface that extends infinitely in all directions</p>
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Pythagorean Theorem

the square of the hypotenuse (c) of a right triangle is equal to the sum of the squares of the legs (a and b)

<p>the square of the hypotenuse (c) of a right triangle is equal to the sum of the squares of the legs (a and b)</p>
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radius

a line segment with one endpoint at the center of a circle and the other endpoint on the circle

<p>a line segment with one endpoint at the center of a circle and the other endpoint on the circle</p>
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ray

part of a line that has one endpoint and extends forever in the other direction

<p>part of a line that has one endpoint and extends forever in the other direction</p>
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reflection

a transformation that produces a mirror image of a geometric figure (flip)

<p>a transformation that produces a mirror image of a geometric figure (flip)</p>
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supplementary angles

two angles whose sum equals 180 degrees

<p>two angles whose sum equals 180 degrees</p>
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scalene triangle

a triangle with no congruent sides

<p>a triangle with no congruent sides</p>
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rotation

a transformation of a figure by turning it about a fixed point called the center of rotation or axis

<p>a transformation of a figure by turning it about a fixed point called the center of rotation or axis</p>
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right triangle

a triangle with one right angle

<p>a triangle with one right angle</p>
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transformation

a change in size, shape, of position of a geometric figure

<p>a change in size, shape, of position of a geometric figure</p>
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translation

a transformation that moves a geometric figure by sliding each of the points the same distance in the same direction

<p>a transformation that moves a geometric figure by sliding each of the points the same distance in the same direction</p>
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vertex

a point where 2 rays meet, where two sides of a polygon meet or where the edges of a polyhedron meet; the top point of a cone or pyramid

<p>a point where 2 rays meet, where two sides of a polygon meet or where the edges of a polyhedron meet; the top point of a cone or pyramid</p>
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vertical angles

a pair of opposite congruent angles formed by two intersecting lines

<p>a pair of opposite congruent angles formed by two intersecting lines</p>