Breeds of Swine

Vocabulary flashcards covering taxonomical classification, lard and bacon swine types, specific breed characteristics, and historical domestication facts.

Swine

Any of various stout-bodied short-legged omnivorous artiodactyl mammals (family Suidae) with a thick bristly skin and a long flexible snout.

Sus scrofa

The scientific name for the Eurasian Wild Boar, from which the majority of modern pig breeds are believed to have descended.

Sus domestica

The scientific name for the Domestic Pig.

Type

Refers to swine that are raised for a specific purpose.

Breeds

A group of animals that possess the same characteristics and transfer these to their offspring.

Lard Type

One of the two types of swine, raised specifically for lard, oil, and fats.

Bacon Type

One of the two types of swine, raised specifically for bacon, meat, and pork.

Berkshire

A lard-type breed from England; black with $6$ white points, a turned-snout, and erect ears.

Poland China

The oldest American breed of swine; derived from Berkshire and Hampshire, featuring a straight snout, drooping ears, and an arched back.

Spotted Poland China

A lard-type breed from the USA characterized by black and white spots on the body.

Chester White

A white lard-type breed from Chester County, Pennsylvania, with a straight face and large, forward-directed ears.

Hereford

Also known as the "White-faced Hog"; a red lard-type breed with white markings on the head, tail, feet, and face.

Mulefoot

A black lard-type breed from Norway, Sweden, and England characterized by a solid, non-cloven hoof.

Large Black

A lard-type breed from England featuring very large, long ears that project forward close to the eyes and face.

Middle White

Also called Middle Yorkshire; a breed known in England and the USA with a turned-up snout and short erect ears.

Essex

A lard-type breed from the USA; black (sometimes with a white belt) with a short head and small, erect ears.

Berkjala

A cross between Berkshire and Jalajala; solid black with a dished-face and drooping ears.

Landrace

A Dutch bacon-type breed; white with a long snout and large drooping ears; can have difficulty with leanness if exposed to energy diets.

Duroc

A red or golden brown bacon-type breed from the USA; the "terminal sire of choice" known for being highly resistant to stress.

Hampshire

The leanest breed; black with a white belt and erect ears; known for excellent ham length but poor mothering ability.

Tamworth

A red bacon-type breed from England with erect ears.

Pietrain

A spotted bacon-type breed from Belgium with medium ears; prone to heat stroke and has weak legs.

Beltsville 1

A new black breed composed of $75\%$ Landrace and $25\%$ Poland China.

Beltsville 2

A new red breed with white spots composed of $58\%$ Yorkshire, $32\%$ Duroc, and $10\%$ Hampshire.

Minnesota 1

A new red breed composed of $48\%$ Landrace and $52\%$ Tamworth.

Minnesota 2

A new black breed with white spots composed of $40\%$ Yorkshire and $60\%$ Poland China.

Montana 1

A new black breed composed of $55\%$ Landrace and $45\%$ Hampshire.

Maryland 1

A new black breed with white spots composed of $62\%$ Landrace and $38\%$ Berkshire.

Palouse

A new white breed composed of $65\%$ Landrace and $35\%$ Chester White.

La Combe

A new breed composed of $55\%$ Landrace, $23\%$ Berkshire, and $22\%$ Chester White.

San Pierre

A new breed composed of $50\%$ Berkshire and $50\%$ Chester White.

Baboy damo

The four endemic wild species in the Philippines (Luzon, Negros Island, Palawan, and Mindanao) from which native pigs originated.

Lechon

A dish of broiled whole pig for which Philippine native breeds are particularly popular.