[M10] Body Parts and Organs

[M10] topographic

surface landmarks of the body

[M10] cell

basic structural and functional unit of life

[M10] nucleus

contains chromosomes (DNA)

[M10] chromosome

controls growth, repair, and reproduction

[M10] cytoplasm

gel-like material outside the nucleus

[M10] cell membrane

selectively allows substances into and out of the cell

[M10] tissue

group of similar cells performing a function

[M10] epithelial tissue

protects, absorbs, and excretes

[M10] connective tissue

binds and supports body structures

[M10] muscle tissue

contracts to produce movement

[M10] nerve tissue

conducts nerve impulses

[M10] organ

group of tissues working together

[M10] system

group of organs working together

[M10] cardiovascular system

heart and blood vessels

[M10] respiratory system

nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

[M10] endocrine system

hormone-producing glands

[M10] ventral cavity

front body cavity containing organs

[M10] dorsal cavity

back body cavity containing brain and spinal cord

[M10] pleural cavity

contains the lungs

[M10] mediastinum

contains the heart between the lungs

[M10] peritoneal cavity

contains abdominal organs

[M10] cranial cavity

contains the brain

[M10] spinal cavity

contains the spinal cord

[M10] diaphragm

muscle separating thoracic and abdominal cavities

[M10] sagittal

divides body into right and left

[M10] midsagittal

divides body into equal right and left halves

[M10] coronal

divides body into front and back

[M10] transverse

divides body into upper and lower

[M10] metabolism

all chemical processes in the body

[M10] homeostasis

maintenance of a stable internal environment

[M10] histones

proteins that tightly package DNA

[M10] chromatid

one identical half of a chromosome

[M10] centromere

joins sister chromatids

[M10] homologous chromosomes

chromosome pairs with the same genes

[M10] diploid

two sets of chromosomes (46, 2n)

[M10] haploid

one set of chromosomes (23, n)

[M10] interphase

cell growth and DNA replication

[M10] mitosis

division of the nucleus

[M10] cytokinesis

division of the cytoplasm

[M10] palpebrate

blink or wink

[M10] palpate

examine by touching

[M10] palpitate

throb or beat rapidly

[M10] cyt/o

cell

[M10] cyst/o

bladder; sac

[M10] perionychium

tissue surrounding the nail

[M10] paronychia

infection around the nail