bio 3.1 early developmental stage vocab

site of fertilization

ampulla widest part of the fallopian tube

acrosomal apparatus

tube structure of sperm that penetrates oocyte membrane

when does sperm pronucleus enter oocyte

following meiosis ii

cortical reaction

depolarization by calcium ions that follows penetration by acrosomal apparatus. prevents fertilization by multiple sperm and increases metabolic rate

dizygotic twins

fertilization of two different eggs, two different placenta, chorion, amnion

monozygotic/monoamniotic

single zygote, amnion, chorion

monochorionic/diamniotic

same zygote, chorion, different amnion

dichorionic/diamniotic

same zygote, different chorion, amnion

indeterminate cleavage

undifferentiated cleavage

determinate cleavage

differentiated cleavage

stage after zygote

blastulation of the morula

stage after morula

implantation of the blastula

blastocoel

fluid filled cavity of the blastula

blastocyst

mammalian blastula

mammalian blastula

blastocyst

trophoblast

surround the blastocoel, composes the inner cell mass, gives rise to chorion and later placenta

composes the inner cell mass

trophoblast

gives rise to chorion

trophoblast

gives rise to placenta

chorion from the trophoblast

stage after blastulation of the morula

implantation of the blastula in the endometrium

chronionic villi

fingerlike projections derived from the trophoblastic chorion, support gas exchange

umbilical cord

connects embryo to placenta, formed from yolk sac and allantois

yolk sac

prefunctional placenta

allantois

membrane involved in early fluid exchange between embryo and yolk sac

amnion

membrane filled with amniotic fluid protects embryo

extraembryonic membrane surrounding amnion

chorion

chorion

extraembryonic membrane surrounding amnion developing into placenta

develops into placenta

chorion

stage following implantation of the blastula/blastocyst

gastrulation

gastrulation

generation of ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm following implantation of the blastula

archenteron

invagination of the gastrula develops into the gut

develops into the gut

archenteron

blastopore

opening of the archenteron

develops into anus in deuterostomes

blastopore

develops into mouth in protostomes

blastopore

gives rise to integument

ectoderm

hair

ectoderm

nails

ectoderm

nose

ectoderm

mouth

ectoderm

lower anal canal

ectoderm

eye lens

ectoderm

nervous system

ectoderm

adrenal medulla

ectoderm

inner ear

ectoderm

gives rise to systems

mesoderm

musculoskeletal

mesoderm

circulatory

mesoderm

excretory

mesoderm

gonads

mesoderm

muscular tissue of digestion

mesoderm

connective tissue of digestion

mesoderm

muscular tissue of respiratory

mesoderm

connective tissue of respiratory

mesoderm

muscular tissue of adrenal cortex

mesoderm

connective tissue of adrenal cortex

mesoderm

forms epithelial linings

endoderm

stage after gastrulation

neurulation

neurulation

development of the nervous system following gastrulation/formation of germ layers

notochord

derived from mesoderm develops into nervous system

forms the primitive spine

notochord of the mesoderm

forms neural folds

ectodermal cells overlying mesodermal notochord

neural crest cells

ectoderm cells at the tip of neural folds forms peripheral nervous system

peripheral nervous system

ectodermal neural crest cells

sensory ganglia

ectodermal neural crest cells

automatic ganglia

ectodermal neural crest cells

formation of neural tube

ectodermal neural folds pinch in to form neural groove and fuse into neural tube

forms specific cell types (calcitonin producing, melanocyte)

ectodermal neural crest cells

totipotent

any cell type

pluripotent

any cell type minus placenta

multipotent

cell types of a particular group