Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia

A major form of psychotic disorder that affects a person's thinking, language, emotion, behavior, and ability to perceive reality.

Positive Symptoms

Symptoms in schizophrenia that involve exaggerated ideas, perceptions, hallucinations, delusions, abnormal thought patterns, and bizarre behavior.

Negative Symptoms

Symptoms in schizophrenia where patients withdraw from the world, experience affective flattening, anhedonia, attention impairment, asocial behavior, anergia, autism, and avolition.

Causes of Schizophrenia

Includes heredity, viral infection, and chemical imbalance theories as potential factors contributing to the development of schizophrenia.

Types of Schizophrenia

Paranoid, disorganized, catatonic, undifferentiated, and residual schizophrenia are different classifications based on symptoms and behaviors observed in patients.

Neuroleptics

Antipsychotic medications used to manage symptoms of schizophrenia, including typical (e.g., haloperidol) and atypical (e.g., risperidone) antipsychotics.

Side Effects of Antipsychotics

Dystonia, pseudoparkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia, akathisia, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome are potential adverse effects associated with antipsychotic medications.

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

A medical treatment involving electrical stimulation of the brain under anesthesia, commonly used for severe major depression or bipolar disorder.

Nursing Care Before ECT

Actions taken before administering Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) to ensure patient safety and preparation.

Nursing Care During ECT

Procedures and precautions to follow while the patient is undergoing Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT).

Nursing Care After ECT

Post-treatment care and monitoring for patients who have undergone Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT).