Influential Women in History

Vocabulary flashcards identifying key female figures in history, their biographical details, and their major contributions to science, civil rights, and society based on lecture notes.

Marie Curie

A pioneering scientist born in Poland in $1867$ who conducted groundbreaking research in radioactivity and was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.

Radium and Polonium

Two specific chemical elements identified and discovered by Marie Curie through her intensive experimental labor.

Rosa Parks

A prominent American civil rights activist who in $1955$ refused to surrender her bus seat to a white passenger on a segregated bus in Montgomery, Alabama.

Montgomery Bus Boycott

A significant protest sparked by the arrest of Rosa Parks that is credited with launching the modern civil rights movement.

Amelia Earhart

A pioneering American aviator born in $1897$ who became the first woman to successfuly fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean in $1932$.

Frida Kahlo

A Mexican artist born in $1907$ best known for her self-portraits that explored complex themes including identity, pain, and Mexican culture.

Malala Yousafzai

A Pakistani activist who survived an assassination attempt in $2012$ and became the youngest recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize in $2014$ for her education advocacy.

Susan B. Anthony

A leader in the $19\text{th}$ century women's suffrage movement whose work was fundamental to the passage of the $19\text{th}$ Amendment.

19th Amendment

The amendment to the United States Constitution passed in $1920$ that granted women the right to vote.

Cleopatra VII

The final queen of ancient Egypt and last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom who ascended to the throne in $51\text{BCE}$ and concluded her reign in $30\text{BCE}$.

Eleanor Roosevelt

An American activist and First Lady who played a central role in drafting the Universal Declaration of Human Rights for the United Nations.

Harriet Tubman

An American freedom fighter born into slavery around the year $1822$ who rescued others using the Underground Railroad and served as a spy during the American Civil War.

Underground Railroad

A secret network used for escape that Harriet Tubman operated to assist enslaved individuals in reaching freedom.

Jane Goodall

A British primatologist who began revolutionary studies of chimpanzees in Tanzania in $1960$, discovering their ability to use tools and complex social behaviors.