Unit 2 Part 3: Cell Transport

Flashcards on key concepts related to Cell Transport, including definitions and examples of important processes.

Active Transport

Movement of molecules against their concentration gradient, requiring energy (ATP).

Passive Transport

Movement of molecules down their concentration gradient without the use of energy.

Diffusion

Net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Facilitated Diffusion

Diffusion that occurs through channel proteins.

Osmosis

Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

Isotonic Solution

A solution with the same concentration of solutes as inside the cell, resulting in no net movement of water.

Hypertonic Solution

A solution with a higher concentration of solutes than inside the cell, causing water to move out of the cell.

Hypotonic Solution

A solution with a lower concentration of solutes than inside the cell, causing water to move into the cell.

Na+/K+ Pump

A membrane protein that uses ATP to move sodium out and potassium into the cell against their concentration gradients.

Concentration Gradient

A difference in the concentration of a substance between two areas.

Exocytosis

Process where vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane to release large molecules outside the cell.

Endocytosis

Process where the plasma membrane engulfs molecules, forming vesicles to bring them into the cell.

Equilibrium

A state where the concentration of molecules is balanced and there is no net movement.

Turgor Pressure

Pressure of the cell contents against the cell wall in plant cells, helping maintain structure.

Plasmolysis

The process where a plant cell's plasma membrane peels away from its cell wall due to loss of water.