new world history test #9

1. What is lay investiture?

Kings or nobles appointing church officials

2. What is simony?

Buying or selling church offices

3. What was the Concordat of Worms?

Agreement giving the Church power to appoint bishops

4. Who was Bernard of Clairvaux?

Cistercian monk who preached reform

5. Who was Pepin II and what did he do?

Strong Mayor of the Palace who reunited the Frankish lands

6. Who was Charles Martel and what did he do?

Frankish leader who defeated Muslims at the Battle of Tours

7. Who was Pepin the Short and what did he do?

King crowned by the pope who began the Carolingian line and gave land to the pope

8. What was the College of Cardinals created to do?

Elect the pope

9. Where in France were the Muslims stopped?

At the Battle of Tours

10. Who stopped the Muslims at Tours?

Charles Martel

11. Clovis’ descendants were called what?

Merovingian kings

12. What does a duke rule over?

A duchy

13. Which German king was excommunicated in the investiture struggle?

Henry IV of Germany

14. What does "Barbarossa" mean?

Red beard

15. Who is remembered as the first king of England?

Alfred the Great

16. Who compiled the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle?

English monks

17. During whose reign was the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle compiled?

Alfred the Great

18. On what date was the Battle of Hastings fought?

October 14, 1066

19. Between which leaders was the Battle of Hastings fought?

Harold of England and William of Normandy

20. What was the name of the 1066 battle between Harold and William?

Battle of Hastings

21. What title did William of Normandy receive after winning Hastings?

William the Conqueror

22. What book recorded William’s great survey of England?

Domesday Book

23. Who was crowned emperor on Christmas Day, A.D. 800?

Charlemagne

24. Was Charlemagne crowned king or emperor in A.D. 800?

Emperor of the Romans

25. What is Carolingian minuscule?

Lowercase handwriting used in Charlemagne’s empire

26. After whom is Carolingian minuscule named?

Charlemagne and the Carolingian dynasty

27. What does the name “Charlemagne” mean?

Charles the Great

28. Which French king was called Philip Augustus?

Philip II of France

29. Why is Philip Augustus important?

Strengthened and unified France

30. Which ruler officially adopted the phrase “Holy Roman Empire”?

Frederick I Barbarossa

31. Into what units did Alfred divide his kingdom?

Shares

32. What were shires?

Counties in England

33. What is a shire-reeve called today?

Sheriff

34. What did a shire-reeve govern?

A shire

35. What is the knights’ and nobles’ code of conduct called?

Chivalry

36. What is a fief?

Land held in return for service

37. What is a serf?

Peasant bound to the land

38. What is a bailiff on a manor?

Manor official who supervised demesne and peasants

39. What is a steward on a manor?

Manager of the whole estate

40. What is the lord’s own land on the manor called?

Demesne

41. What is a manor?

Self-contained farming community

42. What is a shamrock?

Three-leaf clover

43. How did St. Patrick use the shamrock?

To explain the Trinity

44. What are the three stages to becoming a knight?

Page, squire, knight

45. Name the seven sacraments of the Catholic Church.

Baptism, Confirmation, Penance, Eucharist, Matrimony, Holy Orders, Extreme Unction

46. What is the Truce of God?

Ban on fighting on certain days and holy times

47. What is the Peace of God?

Protection for churches and noncombatants

48. What is the three-field system?

Three rotating fields with one left fallow

49. What does the word “catholic” mean?

Universal

50. What is the Petrine Theory?

Belief that popes inherit Peter’s authority

51. What is purgatory?

Temporary place of cleansing before heaven

52. What is homage?

Vassal’s ceremony of loyalty to a lord

53. What is feudal investiture?

Granting a fief by giving a symbolic object

54. Who was Otto I (Otto the Great)?

German king crowned emperor in 962

55. Who was the Danish, Viking ruler during Alfred’s reign?

Canute (Cnut)