Geography Unit #4 -

The Canadian Census

Country wide survey that gathers population statistics and occurs every 5 years, one for every address

Population distribution

pattern of where people live

4 factors that affect population distribution

Government policies, cultural ties, historic events, natural environment

Government policies

Policies made by the government that forced people to live in a particular area

Cultural ties

Area chosen by people who want to live in a similar culture as their own

Historic events

events in history that caused people to live in a particular area

Natural envirionment

Climate, weather and livability of an area determine where people can and can’t live

Population Density

Relationship between the area and a population of a country

Canada’s population density and why that is?

3.7 people/km2 because the majority of canadians live in the south and coasts and not surround the whole country

Demography

The study of population and their distribution, trends and issues

Birth Rate

The number of births per year for every 1000 people

Death Rate

The number of deaths per year for every 1000 people

Natural increase Rate

The difference between birth and death rate

Immigration Rate

The number of immigrants who arrive to canada from another country per 1000 people

Emigration Rate

The number of people who leave canada for another country per 1000 people

Net migration rate

The difference between the immigration and emigration rate

Population growth rate

Births + Immigrants - Deaths - Emigrants

The Rule of 70 and Doubling time

To estimate how many years it will take for the country's population to double, divide 70 by the population growth rate

Population Pyramids

Way of showing changes in a population, shown by age and gender, and helps governments make decisions.

3 different shapes of population pyramids

Expanding, contracting, stabilizing

Expanding

High birth rate and few old people

Contracting

Falling birth rate, lots of older people, lower death rate and a narrow base

Stabilzing

Birth rate is stable, death rate is natural and consistent levels

Dependency load

Groups who are not working but still ,need resources that are paid for like ages 0-14 and 65+

Canada population trends

one fourth of canada will be over 65 by 2030 and canada has a low birth rate

Immigration

Act of living permanently in a foreign country

Emigration

Leavings one’s home country to live somewhere else

3 types of Canadian Immigrants

Economic, Family and Refugees

Economic immigrants

People who will work for a living in Canada

Comprehensive ranking system (CRS)

Test and ranking system used to select which economic immigrants are allowed into Canada based on skills, education, language ability, and work experience and is out of 1,200

Family Immigrants

People who immigrate to Canada to reconnect with their families, must be sponsored by a relative who has lived in canada for 3-10 years

Refugee

People escaping fear, persecution, or inhumane treatment in their home country. Can apply while in home country or as a visitor

Remittances

Money being sent home for migrants, more job opportunities and migrants return with new skills

Brain drain

Talented individuals leave country for opportunities elsewhere, and leaving children behind creates stress on family

intervening obstacle

Things that discourage people from following through on the decision to immigrate like immigration requirements, distance and cost

Haven

A place of safety from dangers in own country

Push factors

Reasons that would cause someone to leave their country

Pull factors

Reasons that would draw someone to a certain country

Human resources

Characteristics possessed by humans

Natural Resources

Resource that comes from the earth

3 types of natural resources

Non renewable,critical renewable, non critical renewable

Non renewable

Resources that cannot be replaced once gone

Critical renewable

resources that need to be managed and take time to be replaced

Non critical renewable resources

Resources that are continually replenished and will never run out

4 main types of industry

Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary

Primary

Take raw materials from the natural environment ex.) forestry

Secondary

Industries that turn primary products into goods ex.) manufacturing

Tertiary

Provides services not goods, supports other industries and employs most people ex.) stores

Quaternary

Focus on ideas instead of goods and services, hard to measure, ex.) programmer

Rural (industry one)

Areas outside of a town or city, with large natural resources and mainly primary industry

Urban (industry one)

City or town that is well developed and had mainly secondary, tertiary and quaternary industries

Urbanization

Process in which an area is transformed from rural to urban

6 ways humans use land

residential, transportation, commercial, industrial, institutional, open and recreational

Residential

Areas where people live

Transportation

All roads, railways, travel paths, parking lots and terminals

Commercial land use

Area for buying and selling goods/services

Industrial

Used for secondary industries

Institutional

Properties owned or operated by government groups

Open & recreational

Natural or undeveloped land