Pure Physics O Level 2026 - Complete Study Guide

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These flashcards cover key concepts from the Pure Physics O Level 2026 syllabus including definitions, terms, and important laws.

Last updated 10:56 PM on 2/2/26
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75 Terms

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Physical Quantity

A quantity that can be measured and consists of a numerical magnitude and a unit.

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Base Quantities

Fundamental quantities that cannot be expressed in terms of other quantities.

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Derived Quantities

Quantities that can be expressed in terms of base quantities.

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SI Unit

Système International; the internationally agreed system of units for measurement.

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Scalar Quantity

A physical quantity that has magnitude only (e.g., mass, time, temperature, distance, speed, energy).

6
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Vector Quantity

A physical quantity that has both magnitude and direction (e.g., displacement, velocity, acceleration, force).

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Density

Mass divided by volume, measured in kg/m³.

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Force

A push or pull that can cause an object to accelerate, with SI unit Newton (N).

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Newton's First Law

An object will remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by a resultant external force.

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Newton's Second Law

The rate of change of momentum of a body is directly proportional to the resultant force acting on it.

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Newton's Third Law

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

12
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Pressure

The force acting per unit area, measured in Pascal (Pa).

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Energy

The ability to do work or cause change, measured in Joules (J).

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Kinetic Energy

Energy due to motion, calculated as KE = ½mv².

15
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Potential Energy

Energy due to position in a gravitational field, calculated as PE = mgh.

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Wave

A disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another without transferring matter.

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Electromagnetic Spectrum

The complete range of electromagnetic waves arranged in order of wavelength or frequency.

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Static Electricity

The build-up of electric charge on insulating materials and remain stationary.

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Electric Current

The flow of electric charge through a conductor, measured in Amperes (A).

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Resistance

The opposition to current flow, measured in Ohms (Ω).

21
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Electromagnetic Induction

The production of an induced e.m.f. in a conductor when it experiences a changing magnetic field.

22
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Radioactivity

The spontaneous and random emission of radiation from unstable atomic nuclei.

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Half-Life

The time taken for half the radioactive nuclei in a sample to decay.

24
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Induced Current

Current that flows due to induced e.m.f. if the circuit is complete.

25
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Electromagnet

A soft iron core inside a solenoid that becomes a strong temporary magnet when current flows.

26
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Physical Quantity

A quantity that can be measured and consists of a numerical magnitude and a unit.

27
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Base Quantities

Fundamental quantities that cannot be expressed in terms of other quantities.

28
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Derived Quantities

Quantities that can be expressed in terms of base quantities.

29
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SI Unit

Système International; the internationally agreed system of units for measurement.

30
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Scalar Quantity

A physical quantity that has magnitude only (e.g., mass, time, temperature, distance, speed, energy).

31
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Vector Quantity

A physical quantity that has both magnitude and direction (e.g., displacement, velocity, acceleration, force).

32
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Density

Mass divided by volume, measured in kg/m^{3}.

33
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Force

A push or pull that can cause an object to accelerate, with SI unit Newton (N).

34
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Newton's First Law

An object will remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by a resultant external force.

35
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Newton's Second Law

The rate of change of momentum of a body is directly proportional to the resultant force acting on it.

36
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Newton's Third Law

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

37
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Pressure

The force acting per unit area, measured in Pascal (Pa).

38
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Energy

The ability to do work or cause change, measured in Joules (J).

39
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Kinetic Energy

Energy due to motion, calculated as KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^{2}.

40
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Potential Energy

Energy due to position in a gravitational field, calculated as PE = mgh.

41
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Wave

A disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another without transferring matter.

42
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Electromagnetic Spectrum

The complete range of electromagnetic waves arranged in order of wavelength or frequency.

43
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Static Electricity

The build-up of electric charge on insulating materials and remain stationary.

44
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Electric Current

The flow of electric charge through a conductor, measured in Amperes (A).

45
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Resistance

The opposition to current flow, measured in Ohms (\Omega).

46
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Electromagnetic Induction

The production of an induced e.m.f. in a conductor when it experiences a changing magnetic field.

47
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Radioactivity

The spontaneous and random emission of radiation from unstable atomic nuclei.

48
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Half-Life

The time taken for half the radioactive nuclei in a sample to decay.

49
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Induced Current

Current that flows due to induced e.m.f. if the circuit is complete.

50
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Electromagnet

A soft iron core inside a solenoid that becomes a strong temporary magnet when current flows.

51
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Physical Quantity

A quantity that can be measured and consists of a numerical magnitude and a unit.

52
New cards

Base Quantities

Fundamental quantities that cannot be expressed in terms of other quantities.

53
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Derived Quantities

Quantities that can be expressed in terms of base quantities.

54
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SI Unit

Système International; the internationally agreed system of units for measurement.

55
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Scalar Quantity

A physical quantity that has magnitude only (e.g., mass, time, temperature, distance, speed, energy).

56
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Vector Quantity

A physical quantity that has both magnitude and direction (e.g., displacement, velocity, acceleration, force).

57
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Density

Mass divided by volume, measured in kg/m^{3}. Formula: \rho = \frac{m}{V}.

58
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Force

A push or pull that can cause an object to accelerate, with SI unit Newton (N). Formula: F = ma.

59
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Newton's First Law

An object will remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by a resultant external force.

60
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Newton's Second Law

The rate of change of momentum of a body is directly proportional to the resultant force acting on it. Formula: F = \frac{\Delta p}{\Delta t}.

61
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Newton's Third Law

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

62
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Pressure

The force acting per unit area, measured in Pascal (Pa). Formula: P = \frac{F}{A}.

63
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Energy

The ability to do work or cause change, measured in Joules (J).

64
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Kinetic Energy

Energy due to motion, calculated as KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^{2}.

65
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Potential Energy

Energy due to position in a gravitational field, calculated as PE = mgh.

66
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Wave

A disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another without transferring matter. Wave speed formula: v = f\lambda.

67
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Electromagnetic Spectrum

The complete range of electromagnetic waves arranged in order of wavelength or frequency.

68
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Static Electricity

The build-up of electric charge on insulating materials and remain stationary.

69
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Electric Current

The flow of electric charge through a conductor, measured in Amperes (A). Formula: I = \frac{Q}{t}.

70
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Resistance

The opposition to current flow, measured in Ohms (\Omega). Formula: R = \frac{V}{I}.

71
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Electromagnetic Induction

The production of an induced e.m.f. in a conductor when it experiences a changing magnetic field.

72
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Radioactivity

The spontaneous and random emission of radiation from unstable atomic nuclei.

73
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Half-Life

The time taken for half the radioactive nuclei in a sample to decay.

74
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Induced Current

Current that flows due to induced e.m.f. if the circuit is complete.

75
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Electromagnet

A soft iron core inside a solenoid that becomes