Geography Lecture Notes Review

Flashcards covering key terms and definitions from Geography Basics, Population, Cultural, Political, and Economic Geography.

Absolute Location

The exact position of a place on the Earth's surface, typically expressed in latitude and longitude.

Relative Location

The position of a place in relation to other places, often described using landmarks or distances.

Site

The physical characteristics of a location (e.g., landforms, climate).

Situation

The location of a place relative to its surroundings and other places.

Scale

The relationship between the distance on a map and the actual distance on the ground.

Demographic Transition Model (DTM)

A model that describes the transition of a country from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as it develops.

Population Pyramid

A graphical representation of the age and sex distribution of a population.

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

The number of live births per 1,000 people in a given year.

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

The number of deaths per 1,000 people in a given year.

Net Migration Rate

The difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants per 1,000 people in a year.

Cultural Landscape

The visible imprint of human activity on the landscape, including buildings, roads, and agricultural practices.

Cultural Diffusion

The spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another.

Expansion Diffusion

The spread of a feature from one place to another in an additive process.

Relocation Diffusion

The spread of cultural traits through the movement of people.

Universalizing Religions

Religions that seek to appeal to all people (e.g., Christianity, Islam).

Ethnic Religions

Religions that are primarily associated with a particular ethnic group (e.g., Hinduism).

Sovereignty

The authority of a state to govern itself without external interference.

Nation-State

A political entity characterized by a defined territory, a permanent population, and a government that represents a nation.

Natural Boundaries

Boundaries defined by physical features (e.g., rivers, mountains).

Artificial Boundaries

Boundaries defined by human-made lines (e.g., political borders).