BT BUILDING BOARDS, TILES, PAINTS, STAINS, AND VARNISH

Plywood

Structural wood made of 3or more layers of veneer joined by glue

Hardboard

Made from processed wood chips or fibers subjected to high pressure steam then released and exploded forming into filtered cellulose

Medium Density Fiberboard

Type of hardboard made from wood fibers glued under heat and pressure

Particle Board

Made from hard board from relatively small particles, graduated from coarse at the center oft he board to fine at the surface to produce a smooth dense surface

Gypsum Board

A wall board having a gypsum core

Strawboard

Made of compressed wheat straw, processed at 350F-400F with tough Kraft paper

Corkboard

From outer bark of oak tree, its granules are mixed with synthetic resin, compressed, and formed intosheetfrom1”-6”andbaked under pressure into rigid boards.

Asbestos

Adense, rigid, board containing high proportion of asbestos fibers bonded with Portland cement. Resistant to fire, flame, and weathering but low resistance to heat flow

Paper Board/Cardboard

A layer of stiff paper folded into corrugated form and faced on both sides with a thick paper backing cemented to the core.

Mineral Fiberboard

Thick mats of mineral fibers (glass/rockwool)covered with a backing of stiff paper on one side or both sides to form rigid boards

Plastic Foam Boards

Polystyrene and polyurethane plastics are formed by a patented process to about 40x their original volume

Acoustic Boards

Sound absorbing panels used to control sound, reduce reverbation and echo by absorption

Mineral Wool Tile

Felted rock wool with a fissured surface

Glass Fiber Tile

Made of glass fibers held together by binder

Tiles

Manufactured in relatively small and modular units made usually of ceramic, clay, porcelain baked to achieve a durable and dense material

Ceramic Tyles

Made from mixture of clay, feldspar, quartz. May be glazed or unglazed

Vetrified Tile

Under gone a process called vitrification that gives it extremely low porosity and water absorption

Porcelain Tiles

Type of ceramic tile.
Made with finer clay particles fired at higher temperatures to achieve a tougher, more durable, more water resistant than any ordinary ceramic

Homogenous Tiles

● Full-body porcelain tiles

● Colour of top surface is consistently homogenous

Cement Tiles

Gray or white Portland cement, marble powder, sand, cement pigments, and water.

Stone Tiles

Natural material cut into regular sizes for easier transport and maintenance

Carpet Tiles

Made with various fibers (ie. wool, nylon) and cut pile and loop piles in various depths

Glass Tiles

Made from thin pieces of glass with translucent glaze fired onto the back of each tile

Terrazo Tiles

● Man-made composite material used for floor and wall treatments

● Consists of a combination of sprinkled, stone chips like marble, quartz, granite, glass and cementitious binder

Vinyl Tiles

● Made of synthetic materials (ex. Vinyl, felt, fiberglass, and dyes)

● More water and stain-resistant, versatile and durable compared to linoleum

Rubber Tiles & Sheets

Made of neutral rubber for greatest resilience

Linoleum Tiles & Sheets

Resilient, waterproof floor covering that consists of a backing covered with a relatively thick layer of wearing surface

Wearing surface

is a mixture that contains oxidized linseed oil processed in a special way, combined with wood or cork flour, various fillers, stone dust, whiting, diatomite, resins, binders, driers, and inert color pigments

PAINTS

is the solution of a pigment in water, oil or organic solvent, used to cove wood or metal articles either for protection or for appearance

Architectural Paints

air-drying materials applied by brush or spray to architectural and structural surfaces and forms for decorative and protective purposes.

Commercial Paints

air-drying or baking-cured materials applied by brush, spray, or magnetic agglomeration to kitchen and laundry appliances, automobile, machinery, furniture and used as highway marking materials

Industrial Paints

used as corrosion-resistant coatings and high temperature coatings

Pigment

gives the paint a color, but also plays a role in the consistency, ease of application, drying ability, durability, and hardness

Vehicle

• a liquid in which pigment is dispersed before being applied to a surface to control consistency, adhesion, gloss and durability

Binder

makes the coat of paint retain its structure and bonds it to the surface to which it is applied

Solvent

dissolves the paint to make it usable and workable at normal room temperatures

Primer

are base coats applied to a surface to improve the adhesion of subsequent coats of paint or Varnish

Sealer

are base coats applied to a surface to reduce absorption of subsequent coats of paint or varnish or to prevent bleeding through the finish coat

Oil Paints

utilize a drying oil that oxidizes and hardens to form a tough elastic film when exposed to thin layer of air

Alkyd Paints

have alkyd resin as a binder, such as chemically modified soy or linseed oil

Latex Paints

a binder and acrylic resin that coalesces as water evaporates from the emulsion

Epoxy Paints

have an epoxy resin as a binder for increased resistance to corrosion, abrasion, and Chemicals

Rust inhibiting and Primers

especially formulated with anti-corrosive pigments to prevent or reduce the corrosion of metal surfaces

Fire-retardant Paints

especially formulated with silicone and polyvinyl chloride or other substance to reduce the spread of flame of a combustible material

Heat-Resistant Paints

especially formulated with silicone resins to withstand high temperatures

Intumescent Coatings

swells to form a thick insulating layer of inert foam when exposed to heat or fire that retards f lame spread and combustion

Blistering

bubbles resulting from localized loss of adhesion and lifting of paint film from the underlying surface

Blocking

undesirable sticking together pf two painted surfaces when pressed together (e.g. a door sticking to the door jamb)

Burnishing

increase in gloss or sheen of paint film when subjected to rubbing, scrubbing, or having an object brush against it.

Cracking/Flaking

splitting through at least one coat as a result of aging, which ultimately will lead to complete failure of the paint. In Its early stages, the problem appears as hairline cracks; In Its later stages, flaking occurs

Foaming/Cratering

formation of bubbles (foaming) and resulting small, round concave depressions (cratering) when bubbles break in a paint film, during paint application and drying.

Lapping

appearance of a denser color or increased gloss where wet and dry layers overlap during paint Application

Mildew

black, grey or brown spots or areas on the surface of paint or caulk

Mud Cracking

deep, irregular crack resembling dried mud in a dry paint film

Surfactant Leaching

concentration of water soluble ingredients on the surface of a latex paint, typically on a ceiling surface in rooms that have high humidity (e.g. shower, bathroom, kitchen); may be evident as tan or drown spots or areas, and can sometimes be glossy, soapy or sticky

Wrinkling

a rough, crinkled paint surface, which occurs when uncured paint forms a “skin.

Alligatoring

patterned cracking in the surface of the paint film resembling the regular scales of an alligator

Chalking

formation of fine powder on the surface of the paint film during weathering, which can cause color fading.

Dirt Pickup

accumulation of dirt, dust particles and/or other debris on the paint film; may resemble mildew

Efflorescence/Mottling

crusty, white salt deposits, leached from mortar or masonry as water passes through it.

Frosting

a white, salt-like substance on the paint surface. Frosting can occur on any paint color, but it is less noticeable on white paint or light tints.

Paint incompatibility

loss of adhesion where many old coats of alkyd or oil-based paint received a latex top Coat.

Poor galvanized metal adhesion

paint that has lost its adhesion to a galvanized metal substrate.

Vinyl siding warp

warping or buckling of vinyl siding panels that have been repainted.

Wrinkling

a rough, crinkled paint surface occurring when paint forms “skin”.

Stain

is a solution of dye or suspension of pigment in a vehicle, applied to penetrate and color a wood surface without obscuring the grain.

Water Stain

a penetrating stain made by dissolving a powder form dye dissolve in hot water as a vehicle

Spirit Stain

A penetrating stain made by dissolving dye in an alcohol or spirit vehicle.

. Pigmented Stain

Also called opaque stain; an oil stain containing pigments capable of obscuring the grain and texture of a wood surface. Applied by wiping

Oil Stain

Made by dissolving dye or suspending pigment in a drying oil or oil varnish vehicle

VARNISH

a liquid preparation of a resin dissolved in oil or in alcohol that when spread and allowed to dry forms a hard, lustrous and transparent coating

Alkyd varnish

is the standard all-purpose interior variety with decent protective qualities

Spar varnish or marine varnish

it is a durable, weather-resistant varnish made from durable resins and linseed or tung oi

Polyurethane varnish

varnish of exceptionally hard, abrasion and chemical-resistant varnish made from plastic resin

Lacquer varnish

refers to any of various clear or colored synthetic coatings of nitrocellulose or other cellulose derivative dissolved in a solvent that dries by evaporation to form a high gloss film;

Shellac varnish

spirit varnish made by dissolving purified lac f lakes in denatured alcohol