unit ii

Encryption

__________ (or cryptography) makes card data unreadable to people without special information (called a key)

MyChart

This leading U.S. healthcare system experienced a crippling ransomware attack in May 2024. As is usually the case with attacks on the healthcare industry, this one too dirupted operations accross multiple states. The attack made the _______ electronic health record (EHR) system inaccessible.

Adware

It manifests with constant pop-up ads on your screen

MediSecure

In Austrilia, __________, a prominent electronic prescription service provider, suffered a significant ransomware attack. This resulted in the theft of personal and health information of approximatly 12.9 million individuals.

Snowflake

It is the prominent cloud data platform that experienced a significant data breach in May 2024. The data exfiltration activity affected over 100 of its customers, including major corporations like AT&T, Ticketmaster, and Santander Bank

Scareware

It mainly consists of operating system style windows that pop up to warn you that your system is at risk and needs to run a specific program for it to return to normal operation

Rootkit

It can modify system forensics and monitoring tools, making them very hard to detect

nmap -sV

In the checking for Vulnerabilities, you have to run the command ________ followed by the IP address of the Metasploitable OS on the Kali Linux terminal to check for vulnerabilities

Trojan Horse

It might appear legitimate but is, in fact, very dangerous as it exploits your user privileges and are most often found in image files, audio files or games

Ethical hacking

It is the legal practice of testing computer systems and networks to identify vulnerabilities before malicious hackers

Salt Typhoon

Alleged Chinese-backed state hackers ____________ intensified their cyber espoinage efforts targeting major U.S. telecommunications companies, including AT&T, Verizon, T-Mobile, and Lumen Technologies in December 2024.

russian

The _______ -speaking attackers stole and leaked 400GB worth of sensitive data and attempted to extort money from Synnovis. They allegedly demanded a $50 million ransom, and upon non-payment, published the stolen data online

Ransomware

Some versions of this can take advantage of specific sytem vulnerabilities to lock it down.

Warez

In the WOT activity, you were asked to input _____ in the Google page to show that the website shows illegal, modified version or copyrighted software products

Spyware

It often bundles itself with legitimate software or Trojan horses

Backdoor

Hackers can gain remote access to resources within an application and issue remote system commands by bypassing the normal authentication procedures to access a system

Ministry of Defence

In May 2024, the ___________________ (MoD) experienced a significant data breach when a contractor-operated payroll system was compromised by a cyber attack.

CrowdStrike

A faulty update from ______________ software caused widespread dusruptions for Microsoft Windows users globally

ifconfig -a

In the Checking for Vulnerabilities activity, you have to type ___________ on the Metasploitable OS side to display the current etho0 ip address value

Worms

This is a type of malware that replicates itself in order to spread from one computer to another

locate vsftpd

In the Checking of Vulnerabilities activity, you have to type _____________ to find the vsftpd scripts

BlackCat

The attackers to the Change Healthcare ransomware attack

NAT

In the Checking for Vulnerabilities activity, the VirtualBox images (Kali and Metasploitable) network were set to ___ Network

Ascension

This leading U.S. healthcare system experienced a crippling ransomware attack in May 2024. As is usually the case with attacks on the healthcare industry, this one too disrupted operations across multiple states.

NoScript

The ________ makes you much safer when browsing the Web

Malware

It is any code that can be used to steal data, bypass access controls, or cause harm to or compromise a system

Virus

It can be programmed to mutate in order to avoid detection

Qilin Ransomware Gang

Synnovis had become victim of a ransomware attack by _____________________. What followed was utter chaos and a direct impact on human life and wellbeing.

Dial-A-Ride

Transport for London (TfL) experienced a sophisticated cyber attack that disrupted services. The greatest impact was on differently-abled passengers who relied on TfL’s ___________ service, yet again highlighting the huge impact cyber attacks can have on daily life.

Scattered Spider

The Snowflake breach was orchestrated by hackers associated with the _______________ group, who exploited compromised credentials of a Snowflake employee account.

UNC5221

Initially exploited by a suspected Chinese state-sponsored group known as _______ , the Ivanti Zero-Day vulnerabilities alloed attackers to deploy custom malware, including web shells and credential harverters, compromising numerous organizations worldwide.