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privileges
fly in class A airspace
fly in IMC conditions
fly special VRF at night
fly an IFR flight plan
requirements
Hold at least a current private pilot certificate or be concurrently applying for a private pilot certificate with an airplane, helicopter, or powered-lift rating appropriate to the instrument rating sought.
Be able to read, speak, write, and understand the English language.
You must have logged the following:
At least 50 hours of cross-country flight time as pilot in command. At least 10 of these hours must be in airplanes for an instrument-airplane rating.
A total of 40 hours of actual or simulated instrument time on the areas of operation listed in 61.65(c).
At least 15 hours of instrument flight training from an authorized instructor in the aircraft category for the instrument rating sought.
For instrument-airplane rating, instrument training on cross-country flight procedures that includes at least one cross-country flight in an airplane that is performed under instrument flight rules. This flight must consist of:
A distance of at least 250 nm along airways or ATC-directed routing.
An instrument approach at each airport.
Three different kinds of approaches with the use of navigation systems (Example: ILS, VOR, GPS, etc).
At least 3 hours of instrument training that is appropriate to the instrument rating sought from an authorized instructor in preparation for the checkride within two calendar months before the examination date.
recency of experience
3 landings (full stop at night) to carry passengers in the past 90 days
currency
6HITS
6 instrument approaches including
holding
intercepting
tracking airways
using navigational electrical systems
Flight review
Every 6 months (1hr of ground and 1hr of flight)
In the previous six months need 6HITS
After six months, you need a safety pilot
at least a private pilot with the appropriate category and class ratings for the aircraft
After six months, you need an IPC (DPE, CFII, Designated flight examiner)
some parts can be in the sim
recordkeeping
actual = from IAF to FAF or after, needs to be in IFR conditions
If we have to deviate because of a safety hazard, it still counts to be logged
Simulated = foggles until MAP
can be in sim
May log instrument time only for that flight time when the person operates the aircraft solely by reference to instruments under actual or simulated instrument flight conditions.