ideology et identity

issue meaning

a matter of interest where there is a significant disagreement

politics

a system which prioritizes resolving conflict and making decisions

distribution of power

economics

how a society decides who gets what, when, and how

it os also the study of how people use limited resources to meet the unlimited wants.

individualists believe/value:

• their own self interest

• acting on accomplishing their own goals

• want limited government interferance

• freedom and worth of the individual (sometimes freedom over security/other rights)

individualists are typically right winged

collectivists believe/value:

• shared goals

• take actions as part of a group

• security for all people

• significant gov’t involvement

• the “common good” over the goals of any individual

collectivsts are usually left winged

how to tell between collectivists and individualists?

the role of the government

individualists - self reliance, freedom from authority

collectivists - interdependance, importance of the group over the individual

pluralistic society

one where there are many viewpoints about how the society should advance

(many political parties, democratic)

monistic society

only one viewpoint is permitted

(dictatorships)

democracy

Democracy is a system of government where supreme power is vested in the people

extreme left

radicals - want immediate change - will achieve this change through violence

• egalitarianism

• freedom

• human rights

• internationalism

left

liberals

favour change through peaceful and legal means

• human rights

• personal liberty

centre

moderates

favour gradual change

• human rights with some limitation

• equality w/ some equality

  • international cooperation while defending nation

right

conservative

usually content with status quo and want to keep traditions and social order

• little government interference

• private property

• law and order

• few restrictions on personal freedoms

extreme right

reactionaries

favour in returning to the “good old days” and rationalize violence to get this idealized version of the olden days

• authoritarian rule

• inequality

political spectrum horseshue

ok

whos idea was communism

Karl Marx

he wanted an anarchy and to overthrow people in power and to temporarily share everything so everyone has equal everything and once society evens out, this political party can disintegrate with it.

communism

an attempt to make a society of equals — both politically and economically

This was Lenin’s interpretation of Marx’s ideas

life under communism

the state controlled all aspects of the economy and made all decisions politically - ultimate collectivist’s society

democratic socialism

under the “liberal” umbrella term but left leaning

embraced Marx’s ideas but concentrated on peaceful political changes instead of being extremist

liberalism

(aka modern liberalism)

embodies the ideas of personal freedom, individual rights, and political equality

in the middle of liberalism

where did liberalism originate from

John Locke

conservatism

under the “liberal” umbrella term but right leaning

seeks to maintain the status quo and wants to preserve traditions and values

goals of conservatism

• law and order

• persoanl economic freedom

  • slower approach to change (no rapic change)

fascism beliefs

extreme nationalism, racial superiority, supremacy of the state and the leader (like Hitler)

very far right

want to replicate an idealized form of the past

fascism origin

Benito Mussolini

wanted to replicate the roman empire in Italy

anarchy

belief that people should organize themselbves into small groups withut a formal government structure and people will naturally share and cooperate

believes that man is born good and society corrups

ideology =

beliefs + values

beliefs

what we accept as the truth

values

convictions held about the world and these ar our basic principles

socialism is an umbrella term

left - communism socialism

middle - democratic socialism

right - utopian socialism

individualism goals

PRICES

Private property

Rule of law

Individual rights and freedoms

Competition

Economic freedom

Self-interest

government is seen as a negative force holding them back from their fullest potentials

collectivism goals

PRINCE

Public property

(collective) Responsibility

(collective) Interest

(collective) Norms

Cooperation

Economic equality

government is seen as a positive force