CFS 100 exam 2

Empirical research

When individuals use systematic observations to test hypotheses, answer research questions, and generate plausible explanations.

Basic research

test and build theories

Applied research

solve day-to-day problems and makes connections between research and practice

Sampling techniques

Strategies researches use to recruit participants

Quantitative

Generates numerical data and uses statistical analyses

• probability sampling

• Non-probabilistic sampling

Probability sampling

Random sampling

Non-probabilistic sampling

Generalized and convenient

Qualitative

contextual, verbal, insight

Belmont report 1978

• institutional review board

• Beneficence

• Respects for persons

• Justice

Beneficence

well being of participants is ensured and that any possible risks associated with participating in the research are minimized

Respect for Persons

researchers provide potential participants with detailed information about the procedures of a study prior to participation

Justice

all participants should be dealt with fairly and equally, no one group is unfairly targeted for participation because of the groups easy availability or manipulability

Validity

accurately depicts theoretical constructs

reliability

measured in a consistent manner

Objectivity

the quality

Qualitative methods

• understanding unique viewpoints and contexts

• Extract meaning

• Subjective

• Trustworthiness

Quantitative research

independent (causal) variable > dependent (outcome) variable

Random assignment

• control group vs experimental group

Quasi experiment

Design that studies the relationship between an intervention and an outcome without using random assignment

observational research

Can be quantitative or qualitative

Observe, code, and record behaviors

Categories in mind prior to observation

surveys

Allow researches to gather information about participants beliefs, attitudes, thoughts, feelings and private behaviors (observed), close and open ended questions

Cross sectional

comparing different groups at the same time

Longitudinal study

comparing the same group over a period of time

Qualitative has

ethnographic, program evaluation, action research, design based research

ethnographies

cultural context, researcher immersed in the culture

Family Life education

teaching individuals and families skills to promote strong and healthy families

FLE content areas

1. Families & individuals in society

2. Internal dynamics of families

3. Human growth & development

4. Human sexuality

5. Interpersonal relationships

6. Parent education & guidance

7. Family resource & management

8. Family law & public policy

9. Professional ethics & practice

10. FLE Methods

Family Life Education programs

• education

• Prevention

• Strength based

• Research & theory

• Culture, context, content

• Practice

Family Life Educator code of ethics (CFLE)

36 codes of ethics with four main domains

• Relationships with parents & families

• Relationships with children & youth

• Relationships with colleagues & the profession

• Relationships with community/society

Components of FLE Programs

Staying current

Indirect & direct assessment

Creating a vision, goals, objetives, outcome, & impacts

Planning & implementing (welcome, 3 core sessions & closing session)

Personal philosophy of FLE

Statement of personal philosophy that develops over time

• based on course & work interests & values

FLE

Help families build knowledge and skill

Family Therapy

Help families repair relationships & functions

Family case management

Help families comply with legal policy and poli

Family and The Early Years

nearly all of individuals are raised in some family context and characteristics of that family context often have implications for development

Families of orientation

the families we are born into or raised by

Families of procreation

the families we create ourselves

New Parents

renegotiate roles & responsibilities, consider siblings

stress can be amplified for single, working & other parents

Marital satisfaction may decline

Most parents don’t regret having children & may voluntarily do it again

Physical health

healthy physical growth & development begins before birth & arguably even before conception

• age & health of mother

• Genes & chromosomes

• Nutrition

Teratogens

prenatal exposure to substances that can harm fetal development

Prenatal care

over 99.99% of infants survive their first year

APGAR

activity, pulse, grimace, appearances, and respiration

Low birth weight

Weighting less than 5.5 lbs (2500g)

• less than 10% of new borns are low birth weight

Preterm

3 weeks early

Small for gestational age (SGA)

weigh less than they should govern their SGA (maternal smoking, drug use, malnutrition during pregnancy, multiple babies

By first birthday

Nearly tripled their weight and have grown almost a foot

by age six

average child weighs between 40 & 50 lbs and at least 3.5 feet tall