Differentiation of the Paraxial and Intermediate Mesoderm, Endoderm

A collection of flashcards designed to review key concepts related to the differentiation of the paraxial and intermediate mesoderm and endoderm in embryonic development.

What forms the notochord in a developing embryo?

Chordamesoderm

What will the Paraxial Mesoderm give rise to?

Somites that will form the connective tissues of the back (bone, muscle, cartilage, and dermis).

What forms the urogenital system in embryonic development?

Intermediate Mesoderm.

Which mesodermal layer gives rise to the heart and blood vessels?

Lateral Plate Mesoderm.

What does the Head Mesenchyme contribute to in embryonic development?

Connective tissues and musculature of the face.

What is the function of the embryonic endoderm?

To construct the linings of the digestive and respiratory tubes.

What organ systems arise from the digestive tube?

Liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

What does the respiratory tube bifurcate into?

Two lungs.

What common structure do the digestive and respiratory tubes share in the embryo?

The pharynx.

What do epithelial out-pockets of the pharynx give rise to?

The tonsils, thyroid, thymus, and parathyroid glands.

What role do Somites play in embryonic development?

They are segmented mesoderm blocks that form connective tissues beside the spinal cord.

What forms when the heart develops in the chick embryo?

A c-shaped tube.

Where do blood islands form in embryonic development?

In the vascular areas, indicative of upcoming blood vessel formation.

What is the only region formed by the endoderm at the chick embryo stage?

Foregut.

What is the anterior intestinal portal in embryonic development?

The first opening of the foregut to the yolk.

What structures can be identified in a 96-hour chick embryo?

Hindbrain, somites, heart, midbrain, eyes, forebrain, wing buds, allantois, leg bud, tail bud.

What systems derive from the mesoderm layer in pig embryos?

Circulatory, skeletal, muscular systems, and reproductive organs.

What is the sclerotome's role in embryonic development?

To form the vertebrae and associated structures.

Which pharyngeal arches are noted in embryonic studies?

1st and 2nd pharyngeal arches.

What does the mesonephric duct develop into?

Components of the urinary system.

What embryonic structures are affected by the developmental stages in pigs?

Digestive system, liver, lungs, and glandular organs.

What develops from the mesoderm layer in pig embryos?

The circulatory, skeletal, muscular systems, and reproductive organs.

What organs arise from the endoderm in pigs?

The digestive system, liver, lungs, and glandular organs.

What is formed around the sixteenth to eighteenth day of embryonic development in pigs?

The esophagus, stomach, and intestines.

What are the major structural components noted in a 6mm pig embryo?

Spinal Cord, Left Atrium, Right Common Cardinal Vein, Esophagus, and Heart components.

What is the role of the dorsal root ganglion in embryonic development?

To house sensory neuron cell bodies.

What does the mesonephric area contribute to in embryo development?

Formation of kidneys.

What is identified as the bulbar septum in embryonic studies?

A structure contributing to heart formation.

What connects the left and right common cardinal veins in embryonic anatomy?

Cardiovascular system structure.

Which structures guide the growth of the limbs in an embryo?

Mesodermal components.

What is the significance of the allantois during learning about embryonic development?

A structure involved in early circulation and waste removal.

What is the primary function of the interventricular foramen in embryos?

Allowing blood flow between the heart's chambers.

What does the telencephalon develop into in later stages?

The cerebral hemispheres of the brain.

What mesodermal structure forms the aorta?

Dorsal aorta.

What phase does the pulmonary trunk relate to in embryological development?

Development of the heart.

Which fetal structure helps in distinguishing male and female reproductive organs?

Genital Ridge.

What is formed by the superior mesenteric artery?

Oxygenated blood supply to the intestines.

What physiological role does the left atrium have in an embryo?

Receiving oxygenated blood from the lungs.

What do mesonephric tubules develop into in the embryo?

Early excretory organs leading to the kidney.

What connects the atrium to the ventricle in embryonic development?

Atrioventricular foramen.