words

Schema

Mental framework for organizing information

Heuristics

Mental shortcuts or rules of thumb to make decisions

Levels of Processing theory

Theory by Robert Lockheart explaining memory is not based on separate types of memory but the depth of info processing (deeper the encoding = more likely to remember)

Conformation Bias

tendency to search for info that confirms one’s bias / perception / beliefs

Association Areas

Regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have specific sensory or motor functions but are involved in higher mental functions such as planning, thinking and communication (lobes, cortex, etc.)

Activation-Synthesis Theory

Theory that dreams are interpretations of random neural activity that occurs during REM sleep

Afferent Neuron

Sensory Neuron that signals to the CNS

Anterograde Amnesia

Disorder caused by brain damage that interrupts a persons ability to form NEW long term memories that occur after the damage

Retrograde Amnesia

Disorder caused by brain damage that interrupts a persons ability to remember past events after the brain damage occurs

Aphasia

Impairment of the ability to UNDERSTAND or USE language

Atkinson-Shiffrin Model

A model of memory that assumes 3 different memory systems - Short term Memory, Long Term Memory and Sensory Memory

Backwards Conditioning

Conditioning where the US is presented before the CS

Basal Gangila

Clusters of neurons deep down in the brain that regulate memory, balance, eye movements, etc. Also the function of implicit memories

Big 5

Trait theory that presents 5 traits that our personality is composed of - Openness, Conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness and neuroticism

Bipolar Cells

Second layer of neurons in the retina that transmit impulses from rods and cones and ganglion cells

Broca’s Area

Left side hemisphere in the frontal lobe that controls production of speech. If damaged, you can understand speech but can’t talk.

Wernicke’s Area

Right side of your frontal lobe that controls your ability to understand speech, if damaged you can talk but with no coordination.

Cannon-Bard Theory

Theory that emotional states and physiological states occur simultaneously

Central Tendency

Average or most typical scores from a data set

CAT scan

X ray passing through the brain to show brain structure and or show a lesion (damage)

Conduction deafness

Loss of hearing resulting from when an eardrum is punctured or ossicles no longer vibrate. Sounds don’t go through the inner ear. Hearing aids may help with this

Confabulation

Filling in gaps in memory by substituting memories from events other than the one you’re trying to remember. memory you THOUGHT happened

Construct validity

Extent to which the test measures a given characteristic, trait or construct. What it is truly assigned to assess

Criterion related validity

Measure of the extent to which the tests results correlate with other accepted measures of what is being tested

Charles Darwin

English scientist who developed the "Theory of Evolution" by NATURAL SELECTION (survival of the fittest), how species evolved over time

Sigmund Freud

Father of modern psychology, Founder of psychoanalysis, key insight was to dive into the unconscious mind where deep desires lie

Developmental ecological theory

Systems of human development that start from the individual then to immediate family, then immediate family with others than more external factors to bigger changes in life/world