ELECTRICITY SYSTEM

Electricity

• Form of energy from moving electrons

• Generated by friction, induction, or chemical change

• Produces magnetic, chemical, and radiant effects

electrons

negatively charged particles that flow in electric currents.

protons

positively charged particles found in atomic nuclei, contributing to atomic mass and charge.

neutron

not electrically charge

electricity is the movement of electrons

Principle of Electricity

Voltage

is the pressure from an electrical circuit's power source that pushes charged electrons (current) through a conducting loop, enabling them to do work such as illuminating a light.

Volt

measurement for voltage

Alessandro Volta

Inventor of the voltaic pile—the forerunner of today's household battery.

Current

the rate at which electrons flow past a point in a complete electrical circuit.

ampere

the international unit used for measuring current.

Andrè-Marie Ampére

Amps are named for French mathematician/physicist ___________

Resistance

a measure of the opposition to current flow in an electrical circuit.

Ohm

measured in_____, symbolized by the Greek letter omega (Ω)

Ohm's law

the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points.

Electric Current

the rate of flow of electric force in a Conductor (flow of electrons)

Circuit

Electric Current will only flow in a complete loop – known as a ____________
refers to the wire installation that supply currents to lights and convenient outlets

Direct Current

a Classifications of Electric Current where electricity flows in one direction, from positive to negative

Alternating Current

a Classifications of Electric Current where electricity constantly reverses direction of flow.

Series circuit

a type of circuit where a single path exist for current flow, the elements are arranged in a series one after the other with no branches.

Parallel Circuit

a type of circuit where the loads are placed across the same voltage constituting a separate circuit. also known as multiple connection

Energy

in physics, the capacity for doing work.

Joule

The SI derived unit used to measure energy or work is _____

Electric Power

measures the rate of electrical energy transfer by an electric circuit per unit of time.

Watt

a measure of the rate of energy transfer over a unit of time, with one watt equal to one joule (J)

James Watt

Watt named after a Scottish instrument maker and inventor _________

Power factor

is a measure of how effectively you are using electricity. is the ratio of working power to apparent power, or kW / kVA.

Working Power

is expressed as kilowatts (kW) and is the “true”or“real” power used by all electrical appliances

Resistive loads

Loads that use true or real power. Common resistive loads include electric heating and lighting.

Reactive Power

An inductive load, such as a motor, compressor or ballast that requires reactive power to generate and sustain a magnetic field needed to operate.

Apparent Power

The ratio between working power and reactive power.

Voltage Drop

defined as the amount of voltage loss that occurs through all or part of a circuit due to impedance.

3 percent

The National Electrical Code recommends limiting the voltage drop from the breaker boxto the farthest outlet for power, heating, or lighting to ___ ______ of the circuit voltage.