skeletal muscle system

function of the muscle

contraction and movement

put in order the fascicle and stuff in order

myofilament, myofibril, muscle fiber (endomysium) , fascicle (perimysium) , tenden, epimysium

sacromere and its function

contractile unit from z line to z line

why do muscle cells have more mitochrondria than regular human cells

they need it for contracting more atp

myosin structure

rod like tail w/ 2 globur beads at the end contains ATP, found in sarcomeres, protien

the nerve impulses causes a release of calcium ions from the _____. They bind to and physically change ____. This moves ____away from the binding site which are located on ______. Exposure of the binding sites causes the _____ to attach. As the myosin heads bend, the thin filaments is pulled toward the center of the ____ . After the release of ADP and P, new ____ binds to the myosin head causing it to be released from actin. The contraction ends when ____ are withdrawn from the sarcoplasm

sarcoplasmic reticulum; troponin; tropomyosin; actin filaments; myosin heads; sarcomere; atp; ca ions

what happens at the neuromuscular junction

motor nerve impulse is transmitted from the nerve endings to the muscle cell membrane 

muscle twitch

single contraction

tetanus

sustained contraction

where is atp produced

arearobic respiration mitochrondria

what molecules are broken down to produce atp

creatine phosphate, adp, c , atp, glucose , oxygen

aerobic respiration

requires oxygen

chemical equation for aerobic respiration

glucose + O2 ➡ H2O + 32 ATP

anaerobic respiration

without oxygen

muscle fatigue

using more atp (energy) than you have, oxygen debt, lactic acid build up, ionic imbalance

how do you overcome oxygen debt

increase breathing

atrophy

muscle mass n volume decreases (number of myofilaments decrease)

hypertrophy

increase in mass or volume (increased myofibril are actually increasing)

benefits of aerobic exercise on the body

capillaries around muscles increase

mitochondria increase

• less fatigue

• increase in strength

• body more coordinated

• improved digestion

• skeleton stronger

• improved cardiovascular system

• burns more calorie

what are the functional characteristics of muscle of muscles?

contractability, excitability, extensibility

contractability

shortens with force elasticity , recoils

excitability

responds quickly

extensibility

stretches

rigor mortis

body stiffens (3-4 hrs after)

muscle metabolism needs what

ATP

direct phosphorylation

creatine phosphate + adp 

what does direct phosphorylation make

makes 1 atp per cp n creatine (15 sec of energy)

aerobic respiration

glucose breaks down to release energy

what does aerobic respiration make

makes 32 atp per glucose , carbon co2, water, H20

anaerobic respiration

uses glucose and pyruvic acid w/o O2 ➡ lactic acid + 2 ATP (30-40 sec energy)

what does anearobic respiration make

makes 2 ATP per glucose, lactic acid

myo

muscle

sacro

flesh

troph, trophy,

growth

which muscle is striated and branched, in heart only, unicleateated, involuntry 

cardiac muscle 

which muscle is non striated and uninecleated 

smooth muscle 

which muscle is striated, multinucleated, and voluntary 

skeletal 

wraps around individual muscle fibers

endomysium

bundle of fascicles

muscle

wraps around entire muscle

epimysium

muscle cell

muscle fiber

connects muscles to bones

tendons

contractile unit from z line to z line

sacromere

what is acting and myosin made off

protien