Lecture 5 Male Anatomy and Physiology

what are the three parts of sperm

head, midpiece, tail

vas deferens

tube that brings sperm up out of the scrotum

Urethral meatus of penis

external opening of the urethra

urethra

thin walled tube that extends from the urinary bladder through the penis to the external environment 

the two qualities of the fluid secreted by the prostate gland are

High PH

activates the sperm 

Tunica Albuginea

tough outer capsule of the testicle 

The three important qualities of the fluid secretes by the seminal vesicles are:

high PH

Fructose

Prostaglandins 

testicular decent

fetal testes start near the kidney and are then guided by the gubernaculum down into the scrotum

testicle

male gonads or sex glands

tail of sperm

A long, whiplike structure that helps a cell/spermatocyte to move

squamocolumnar junction

area of the merger of squamous and columnar epithelium in the anus of males

spermiogenesis

process of turning a spermatid into a mature spermatocyte

spermatogenesis

creation of immature spermatids by meiosis

Spermatigonia

cells that become sperm

Spermatic cord

the bundle of blood vessels, nerves, and vas deferens that are carried down with the testes 

penis

base of penis 

frenulum

small thin fold of skin on the underside of penis

circumcision

An elective medical procedure where the prepuce/foreskin is detached from the glans of the penis and then removed

copus cavernosa

two sponge-like tubes that run along the top side of the penis

during sexual arousal, blood flows into these tubes, causing the penis to become hard

corpus spongiosum

errectile tissue that surrounds the urethra and helps maintain its openness during erection, allowing for ejaculation

dartos muscle

raises and lowers scrotum to regulate testicular temperature

Inguinal Canal

Passage from the abdomen into the scrotal sac

Epididymis

long coiled tube on the posterior of testis that nourishes and transports sperm

Leydig cells

produce testosterone in response to LH

spermatiogonia 

cells that become sperm

spermatogenesis

creation of immature spermatids by meiosis

generates the cells

spermiogenesis

process of turning a spermatid into a mature spermatocyte

shapes into swimmers

Acrosomal cap

Tip of a spermatozoa head, which contains enzymes for entry into an ovum

tail of sperm

a long, whiplike structure that helps a cell/ spermatocyte to move

mid piece

contains mitochondria for energy

prostate gland

single gland that surrounds the urethra and secretes fluid into the urethra during emission

external anal spincter

voluntary control

hemorrhoidal Plexus

large veins that line the inside of the anal canal 

gubernaculum

aids the descent of the testes down into the scrotum

seminiferous tubules

tiny coiled tubules packed into the testes where the sperm is produced

sertoli cells

nourish and support sperm in response to FSH

seminal vesicles

paired glands, one on each side, that secrete fluid into ejaculatory duct during emission

ejaculatory ducts

continuation of the tube system after the seminal vescicles that drain into the urethra

bulbourethral glands

one on each side, secrete lubricating mucusy fluid (pre cum)

semen

sperm + fluid
combination of sperm plus the fluids secreted by the seminal vesicles and prostate glands

emission

getting the sperm and fluids ready to go

Ejaculation

expelling the semen from the penis

internal anal sphincter

involuntary control

pelvic floor muscles

muscles that form the floor of the pelvis