Carl Rogers and Humanistic Personality Theory

Client-Centered Therapy

Focuses on the client, not the therapist.

Self-Actualization

Natural movement towards personal potential fulfillment.

Humanistic Psychology

Emphasizes conscious perception over unconscious power.

Self-Concept

Individual's perception of self and reality.

Current Emotions

Present feelings shape personality more than past.

Autonomy

Self-governance is crucial for personal development.

Organismic Valuing Process

Evaluates experiences based on self-actualization contribution.

Experiential World

Individual's context influences personal growth and perception.

Positive Value Experience

Perceived experiences as fulfilling are valued positively.

Negative Value Experience

Perceived detrimental experiences are valued negatively.

Influences on Behavior

External and internal factors affect child behavior.

External Influences

Family, health, culture, and environment impact behavior.

Internal Influences

Self-acceptance and responsibility shape personal perception.

Actualization Tendency

Drive to maintain and enhance life functions.

Rational Beings

Humans are rational, guided by conscious perceptions.

Child Behavior Model

1930s model assesses healthy versus unhealthy behaviors.

Holistic Experience

Emphasizes total experience in personal growth context.

Perception vs Reality

Perception may differ from objective reality.

Motivation Towards Perfection

Humans strive for self-improvement and fulfillment.

Psychological Functioning

Development and maturity in psychological aspects.

Emotional Impact

Current emotions significantly influence personality development.

Childhood Events

Past events do not dictate self-perception.

Persepsi

Perception varies with time and context.

Penerimaan positif

Acceptance, love, and approval from others.

Keperluan sejagat

Universal and ongoing need for positive regard.

Kepuasan

Fulfillment derived from receiving positive regard.

Kehampaan

Feeling of emptiness from lack of acceptance.

Tingkah laku bayi

Infant behavior influenced by received affection.

Penerimaan positif tanpa syarat

Unconditional acceptance regardless of behavior.

Penerimaan sepenuhnya

Complete acceptance with an open heart.

Penerimaan positif kendiri

Self-esteem and positive self-image from within.

Maklum balas

Feedback from others affecting self-concept.

Penerimaan positif bersyarat

Acceptance given only under specific conditions.

Kepercayaan diri

Belief in self-worth based on external approval.

Incongruity

Discrepancy between real self and ideal self.

Tendency actualizing

Natural inclination towards personal growth.

Norms dan standard

Societal expectations shaping self-worth perceptions.

Real self

True self aligned with actualizing tendency.

Ideal self

Unattainable standard shaped by external conditions.

Penerimaan kendiri

Self-acceptance influenced by external validation.

Kecenderungan semulajadi

Natural inclinations towards perfection and self-development.

Situasi tertentu

Specific scenarios determining self-acceptance.

Persetujuan ibu bapa

Parental approval affecting child's self-worth.

Kecenderungan organisasi

Valuing needs aligned with personal growth.

Incongruence

Gap between real self and ideal self.

Neurosis

Mental distress caused by incongruence.

Self-concept

Individual's perception of themselves.

Anxiety

Response to incongruent experiences.

Client-Centered Theory

Approach focusing on client's self-discovery.

Humanistic Psychology

Psychological perspective emphasizing human potential.

Directive Therapy

Client leads; therapist facilitates the process.

Non-Directive Therapy

Therapist supports client's self-exploration.

Empathy

Understanding and sharing client's feelings.

Genuineness

Alignment of feelings and behaviors in therapy.

Congruence

Harmony between thoughts, feelings, and actions.

Acceptance

Unconditional regard for the client.

Fully Functioning Person

Individual open to experiences and growth.

Awareness

Recognition of all feelings and experiences.

Living in the Moment

Experiencing life fully and richly.

Trust in Self

Confidence in one's own feelings and actions.

Freedom of Choice

Ability to make decisions without constraints.

Creativity

Adaptability and spontaneity in behavior.

Complexity and Challenge

Life involves continual growth and testing.

Meaningful Personality

Character described as enriching and exciting.

Potential

Capacity for personal growth and development.

Parental Influence

Children learn to deny unacceptable behaviors.