GI

Antacids

Calcium, magnesium, or aluminum based medications that provide acute relief from acid, but do not change the amount of acid produced.

Metabolic concerns associated with Antacids

Concerns include metabolic issues, rebound hyperacidity, and excess calcium which can lead to stone formation.

Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)

Medications like Pantoprazole and Omeprazole that reduce stomach acid production by blocking the enzyme controlling the acid pump.

Side effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors

May cause vitamin deficiencies, especially B vitamins, and can inhibit clopidogrel effect.

H2 Antagonists

Drugs like Famotidine that block histamine induced gastric acid secretion, blocking up to 90% of acid secretion.

Caution with H2 Antagonists usage

Patients should be assessed for blood in their stool, as the body can become used to these medications over time.

Amino-salicylates

Drugs like Sulfasalazine that have anti-inflammatory properties and inhibit inflammatory responses.

Risks associated with Amino-salicylates

Could become nephrotoxic, may cause bodily fluids to turn orange, and affect folic acid absorption.

Metoclopramide (Reglan)

A GI stimulant that increases smooth muscle contractility to help move food through the GI tract and alleviates nausea.

Black box warning for Metoclopramide

Risk for neuro problems including seizures, tardive dyskinesia, suicidal thoughts, anxiety, and hallucinations.