A & P - Chapter 1 - Anatomical Positions & Directions Review (Summer Homework Quiz)

transverse plane

a plane that passes through the body parallel to the floor and perpendicular to the body's long axis. It divides the body into upper/superior portion and lower/inferior version

sagittal plane

A vertical plane that divides the body into right and left portions

frontal (Coronal) plane

A vertical plane that divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) portion

anterior

The front surface of the body.

posterior

toward the back

superior

towards the upper or head end

inferior

away from the head end

proximal

nearest to the point of attachment at the trunk

distal

away from the point of attachment to the trunk

deep

Away from the surface

superficial

Near the surface

prone

Lying down flat on the belly.

supine

Lying down flat on the back.

midsagittal plane

divides the body/organ into EQUAL right and left sides

parasagittal plane

divides body/organ into UNequal right and left sides

oblique plane

passes through the body/organ at an angle

medial

toward the midline

lateral

away from the midline

Integumentary System

skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nail (function - protection, sensation, & regulates body temperature)

Skeletal System

bones, cartilage, and joints (function - supports body, assists in movements, produces blood)

Muscular System

skeletal, cardiac, & smooth muscle (function - movement)

Nervous System

brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sense organs (function - regulate body activities by nerve impulses)

Endocrine System

hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal, thyroid, thymus, pancreas, adrenal, testes, ovaries (function - regulate body activities through hormones)

Cardiovascular System

blood, heart, arteries, veins (function - distribute materials, collects waste, regulates body temperature, protects against disease)

Lympathic System

lymph, lymphatics, lymphocytes, lymph nodes, and thymus (function - returns tissue fluid to the blood, produces immunity structures and agents)

Respiratory System

lungs and associated pathways (function - supplies oxygen and eliminates carbon dioxide)

Digestive System

gastrointestinal tract from mouth to stomach to anus, liver, teeth, pancreas, gallbladder (function - physical and chemical breakdown of food and absorption of food)

Urinary System

kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra (function - regulate composition of blood and removes waste)

Reproduction System

ovaries, oviducts, uterus, vagina, penis, testes, prostate, sperm ducts