concept 6.5: mitochondria and chloroplasts change energy from one form to another

mitochondria

the sites of cellular respiration

cellular respiration

using oxygen to generate ATP

where are mitochondria found

in animal and plant cells

chloroplasts

the site of photosynthesis found in plants and algae

peroxisomes

oxidative organelles that use oxygen to break down substances

what is unique about mitochondria, chloroplasts, and peroxisomes

they are NOT part of the endomembrane system

similarities between mitochondria and chloroplasts

enveloped by a double membrane, have free ribosomes and DNA, grow and reproduce independently in cells, have their own proteins made by free ribosomes

endosymbiont theory

suggests an early ancestor of eukaryotes engulfed an oxygen using non photosynthetic prokaryotic cell and they remained together in a symbiotic relationship and for cholorplasts that prokaryotic cell would have photosynthetic

describe a mitochondria

smooth other phospholipid membrane and inner phospholipid membrane folded into cristae (with a lot of surface area)

describe chloroplasts

double membrane with intermembrane space inbentween with sacs stacks form a granum

cells with high metabolic activity will have more what?

will have more mitochondria- like in muscle cells

describe peroxisomes

bound by a single membrane and contain enzymes that remove H+ atoms from substances and transfer them to oxygen and form hydrogen peroxide which is then converted to water