Theory ebp

metatheory

is a map or blueprint that shows how important ideas in a subject fit together

paradigm

conceptual framework

nursing metaparadigm

• person - recipient of care

• health - level of well being

• environment - internal/external factors

• nursing - actions provided by nurse

types of theory

• grand

• middle range

• practice

• descriptive

• prescriptive

grand theory

broad in scope

complex

most abstract

middle range theory

limited in scope

less abstract

practice theory

narrow in scope and focus

descriptive theory

• describe phenomena and identify circumstances in which phenomena occur

prescriptive theory

address nursing interventions for a phenomenon, guide practice change and predict consequences

nightingales theory

• grand theory

• environment as the focus of nursing care

Orem’s theory

• grand theory

• focus on patient’s self care needs

peplau’s theory

• middle range theory

• focus on interpersonal relations between patient/nurse

• phases: preorientation, orientation, working, resolution

leininger’s theory

• middle

• theory of cultural care diversity and universality

  • integrate patients cultural traditions, values and beliefs

theory generating research

• use logic to explore relations between phenomena

theory testing research

determine ow accurate theory describes phenomenon

steps of EBP

• ask clinical Q

• search for best evidence

• critically appraise evidence

• integrate evidence

• evaluate outcomes

• communicate outcomes

levels of EBP

• level 1 - systemic review

• level 2 - randomized control trial

• level 3 - controlled trial without randomization

• level 4 - single nonexperimental study

• level 5 - systemic review of descriptive/qualitative study

• level 6 - single descriptive or qualitative study

• level 7 - opinion or reports

5 phases of research

• preclinical animal study

• phase 1 - test safety in small group of human study

• phase 2 and 3 - test safety in larger group of humans — compare against standard treatment

• phase 4 - clinical trials and outcomes research - how it translate to practice

• phase 5 - population level outcomes resarch