Criminal Justice and Mental Illness Lecture Notes Review

Flashcards on diversion programs, intercept points, reentry, SMI, and supervision revoke.

What are informal diversion programs?

Least invasive programs that often involve a warning or caution from law enforcement, with minimal to no further action.

What are formal diversion programs?

Programs that usually occur after an arrest and involve a combination of justice and service components.

What is pre-charge diversion?

Prosecutors use their discretion to divert individuals from the criminal justice system before formal charges are filed.

What is pretrial diversion?

Programs allowing individuals to participate in programs, like problem-solving courts, with completion requirements, potentially leading to dismissal of charges.

Examples of specialized courts

Drug courts, mental health courts, and veterans courts, providing intensive treatment and support while monitoring defendants.

What do restorative justice programs focus on?

Repairing harm caused by the offense, involving victims, offenders, and the community.

What do mentoring programs provide?

Positive role models and support to individuals at risk or involved in the justice system.

What services do community-based programs offer?

Counseling, job training, and educational assistance in the community.

What do family-based programs address?

Family issues that may contribute to delinquent behavior.

What intercept point is Jails and Courts?

Intercept 3

What is the purpose of Intercept 3 (Jails and Courts)?

Last opportunity to intervene before conviction and sentencing

What is the Jail Transfer pathway?

Equivalent to emergency mental health treatment for those experiencing active symptoms that may cause them to be a danger to themselves or others and brief hospitalization to address active symptoms and then return to custody.

Is the insanity defense used often?

No, but it can be used as a mediating factor in sentencing

What is CST?

Most restoration is done within confinement not outpatient. During restoration, a defendant can be forcibly medicated

Who are the populations least likely/unable to be restored?

Those with psychosis, intellectual disabilities, and older defendants

What intercept point is Re-entry?

Intercept 4

What percentage of incarcerated people will be released at some point?

95%

In 2016, how many people were incarcerated in US jails and prisons?

2.3 million

What are the percentages of men and women who are incarcerated and have SMI?

16% of men and 31% of women

How can Deinstitutionalization lead to CJS involvement?

Failed transition, lack of housing and integrated treatment, lack of hospital beds

Fragmented services cause what issue?

Co-occurring clients can be difficult to engage/maintain engagement

What intercept point are Police Tactics?

Intercept 4 & 5

How do Police Tactics cause CJS involvement?

Change of BH issues to CJ issues and public order arrests like disorderly conduct where SMI symptoms may show

What is the goal of each intercept?

To decrease unnecessary time in the system

What could probation be considered?

A diversion of sorts from prison

What are supervising officers tasked with?

Rehabilitation and protecting the public

In what two ways can offenders fail supervision?

Commit a new offense or break rules of supervision (breaking curfew, not working, using drugs, missing appointments)

What is a community corrections goal?

Minimize the risk of recidivism and further involvement in the CJS

What is a criminal justice population percentage with a diagnosable mental health disorder?

50%

What does the APIC model stand for?

Assess, Plan, Identify, Coordinate

What are the principles for mental health court?

Trauma-informed, dignified, individualized, respectful

What is therapeutic jurisprudence?

Using the legal system to get help/resources; favors the use of problem-solving, proactive, hands-on, results oriented means

What is a boundary spanner?

Leaping from one world to another and knowing the resources for all the fields you operate in

Deinstitutionalization causes what?

Lack of housing and integrated treatment, lack of hospital beds

Fragmented services causes what?

Co-occurring clients can be difficult to engage/maintain engagement

How do Police Tactics cause CJS involvement?

Change of BH issues to CJ issues, public order arrests like disorderly conduct where SMI symptoms may show

What is mass incarceration?

Exceptionally high rates of incarceration in the United States, particularly the disproportionate impact on certain racial and ethnic groups and those living in poverty.

What Supervising officers operate much like?

Caseworkers with more knowledge and smaller caseloads

What is recidivism?

Reo ense

What is supported employment?

An evidence based practice for those with mental illness

Individual with MI want to work

Yes

What are the concerns for services provided in prison?

Lack of Adequate Legislative Support, difficult to screen adequately for MI during intake, lack of special programming or housing, Balance Custody and Needs for Accommodations and Treatment

What are the concerns when Mentally Ill Prisoners are incarcerated?

Get sicker, stay longer, suffer more, and wind up back in prison soon after their release; inmates with MI serve sentences that are approximately 15 months longer than other state prisoners

How does solitary confinement effect those put in it

Worsens mental health for anyone; Detrimental to those with SMI decomensation/worsens symptoms

MI & Supervision impact

May not have access to treatment, causing decompensation; symptoms of MI might get in the way of employment, appointments, functional impairments

SIM benefits:

Crisis care is the most efficient and effective
Best use of resources and funding; prevents tragedies of public and patient safety, civil rights, unacceptable loss of lives and there should be a ‘no wrong door’ system For anyone, anywhere, anytime

What is the highest risk time for suicide?

During the 2 months following inpatient care

List Self-Injurious Behavior

Head banging, Cutting, Burning, Ingesting or Inserting and Self-amputation

What are Peer Services?

People with lived experience who have struggled with mental health, Convey a sense of hopefulness firsthand