Acids, Bases and Salts Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards based on key terms, definitions, pH classifications, and chemical reactions from the lecture on Acids, Bases and Salts.

Salt

A chemical compound consisting of an ionic assembly of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions, which results in a compound with no net electric charge.

Family of salts

Salts having the same positive ions or same negative ions.

Chlorides

The salts of Hydro chloric acid.

Sulphates

The salts of Sulphuric acid.

Nitrates

The salts of nitric acid.

Carbonates

The salts of carbonic acid.

Acetates

The salts of acetic acid.

Neutral Salt (Strong Acid + Strong Base)

A neutral salt formed from a strong acid and a strong base ($NaOH + HCl \rightarrow NaCl + H_2O$), having a pH of $7$.

Acidic Salt (Strong Acid + Weak Base)

An acidic salt formed from a strong acid and a weak base ($HCl + NH_4OH \rightarrow NH_4Cl + H_2O$), having a pH of $6$.

Basic Salt (Weak Acid + Strong Base)

A basic salt formed from a weak acid and a strong base ($H_2CO_3 + NaOH \rightarrow Na_2CO_3 + H_2O$), having a pH of $9$.

Bleaching powder

Also known as chloride of lime, synthesized by the action of chlorine gas on dry slaked lime, used as a bleaching agent and disinfectant.

Soda acid fire extinguisher reaction

The chemical reaction $2NaHCO_3 + H_2SO_4 \rightarrow Na_2SO_4 + 2H_2O + 2CO_2$.

Baking Soda Preparation

Produced on a large scale by reacting sodium chloride with ammonia and carbon dioxide ($NaCl + NH_3 + H_2O + CO_2 \rightarrow NaHCO_3 + NH_4Cl$).

Plaster of Paris

Calcium sulphate hemihydrate ($CaSO_4 \cdot \frac{1}{2}H_2O$), formed when gypsum is heated to a temperature of 100C and loses three-fourth of its water of crystallisation.

Dead burnt plaster

Anhydrous gypsum formed when gypsum is heated above 100C.