a guide to sociological research

What is the primary goal of sociological research?

To describe, theorize, and test theories using various research methods.

What are the two categories of research methods used in sociology?

Qualitative and quantitative methods.

What does empirical inquiry involve?

Looking to the world for evidence to test sociological claims.

Why is the process of operationalizing variables important in sociological research?

It helps define the specific measures or assessments used in the study.

What is the purpose of triangulation in sociological research?

To obtain a fuller picture of reality by using multiple methods or data sources.

What must sociologists ensure to maintain research ethicality?

That the benefits of research outweigh the risks and that informed consent and confidentiality are upheld.

What are field experiments designed to test?

A hypothesis under carefully controlled but generally natural conditions.

What is a key characteristic of ethical research?

The benefits of the research outweigh the risks involved.

What is the significance of generalizable theories in sociology?

They can be applied to a broader population beyond the sample studied.

What is the role of institutional review boards in sociological research?

They evaluate research proposals to ensure ethical compliance.

What does the term 'spurious relationship' mean in sociology?

Something appears because both variables correlate with a third variable.

What type of analysis involves mapping social ties and exchanges?

Social network.

How does qualitative research differ from quantitative research?

One involves non-numerical data and discussions, while the other focuses on numerical data and mathematical analysis.

Why are vulnerable populations treated with special care in research?

They are at high risk of being harmed during research studies.

What process follows choosing a topic in sociological research?

Reviewing existing literature.

Why is peer review important in the publication process?

It provides feedback from other researchers with related expertise.