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What are the desired outcomes of government intervention
affordable and stable prices
permitting enough profits to keep firms in the industry but limiting how much they make to protect household incomes
efficiency-reducing waste of valuable resources
quality -fit for purpose
choice
why does the government wnat to make sure theres choce
Wider choice improves the standard of living and also helps to improve product quality. More choice also generates more economic activity in an economy and increases the gross domestic product (GDP)
what are the limits to government intervention
regulatory capture
asymmetric information
regulatory capture
occurs when firms influence the regulators to change their decisions/policies to align more with the interests of the firm
Some lobbying activity is corrupt and there is a fine line between influencing activity and bribing. The UK Government has an agenda to improve the transparency of any lobbying activity
Naturally, regulatory capture can completely prevent fair outcomes in the markets concerned
lobbying
process of engaging with decision makers in government to attempt to influence the decisions they make which impact the operating environment of the firm doing the lobbying
example of lobbying
in 2021 the former UK Prime Minister, David Cameron, was caught in an embarrassing case of lobbying for a failed financial venture by a firm called Greensill Capital
assymitric information as limit to government intevrnetion
Often governments believe they are making the best decision in order to meet their aims
Many times it is not the best decision due to the fact that the government or regulators either do not have the full and relevant information - or they do not understand the market they are trying to regulate e.g. many financial markets are fast moving and incredibly complex
This existence of asymmetric information has been
examle of cartel
elevator market operated a cartel for many years in Europe from 1995 to 2004