Chapter 22 Phylogeny, Fossils, and the History of Life
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11 Terms
Homologous traits
Traits that are similar in two species as a result of common ans
Synapomorphy
A shared trait inherited from a common ancestor used to develop phylogenies
Sister groups in a Phylogeny
Homologous characters
Traits shared by different species due to inheritance from a common ancestor
Synapomorphies
A newly evolved trait shared by two taxa and their most common ancestor
Parsimony
Opting for the phylogenetic tree with the fewest evolutionary steps
Homologous structure
Shared structures between different species derived from a common ancestor
Analogous structures
Traits with similar functions but different structures since they derived from different ancestors
Divergent Evolution
When two species are derived from one common ancestor
Convergent evolution
When two species with similar features (i.e. wings) are derived from two different ancestors
Strata
Layer of rocks in the ground
Note 
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